bo 
72 PERCY SLADEN TRUST EXPEDITION. 
Ortmann’s description of F. costulata. I append a photographie reproduction of its 
aboral surface, its oral surface being shown in the figure mentioned above. 
Locality. Ceylon Pearl Banks. Ortmann’s original specimen likewise came from 
Ceylon. Déderlein (Joc. cit. p. 81) records specimens from New Britain, but I am a 
little doubtful whether the forms described by this author as F. costulata really belong 
to Ortmann’s species. 
c. Actiniformis-group. Not represented. 
d. Seutaria-group. 
' 8. Fungia scutaria, Lamarck. (Plate 34. fig. 8.) 
Déderlein, Senckenb. naturfors. Gesellsch. Abhandl. xxvii. pp. 91-7, t. 8. 
Fungia dentigera, Gardiner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1898, p. 527, and Fauna and Geogr. Maldives & 
Laccadives, vol. 11. Suppl. i. p. 938. 
Fungia scutaria, Vaughan, U.S. Nat. Museum Bull. 59, p. 131, pls. 27-82. 
This species is represented by sixteen specimens in the collection. Of these the larger 
all belong to the form dentigera, while individual specimens of the smaller may be 
placed under the forms typica, danai, and placunaria. According to my series from the 
present and previous expeditions, the last three forms would appear to be growth-stages 
of dentigera. I do not, however, wish to assert positively that these three forms always 
represent such stages, as I have notes on large specimens in the British Museum which 
apparently belong to them; they may, however, be specimens the rate of growth of 
which has been especially rapid. 
While I can generally confirm the observations on this species in my Report cited 
above, I must refer more especially to the largest specimen in the annexed table. It is 
rather a distorted heavy specimen, with the axial fossa bent at either end to one side 
through angles of about 15°; the fossa itself is at least twice as long (6 cm.) as is usual 
in a specimen of the size. The septal arrangement is as described in my Maldivan 
Report, but the first five cycles are approximately equal in size and often indistinguish- 
able. The tentacular lobes of the septa are much thickened, up to 1 mm., and when 
broken are frequently quite hollow in the centre; they project from *5 to 1-2 mm. above 
the level of the septal edges. The lobes at the edge of the corallum referred to below 
are mostly obliterated by the growth of the costze and their spines. 
All the specimens except the above show marked folds on the edges of their dises, 
giving rise to series of valleys or furrows on their undersides, extending in at right 
angles to their edges to about the commencement of the imperforate area; they are not 
generally visible on the oral side. The second largest specimen (fig. 8) has 16 of such 
furrows, of which 12 extend in for 2-3 cm. to the imperforate area; the other four, 
however, continue like cracks right across to the centre of the corallum, as if it was 
about to break up in a Deaseris-like manner. The arching of the dises is due to this 
folding in of their edges, as also are the wavy courses and broken characters often 
assumed by the septa. The relative proportions of length to breadth in the coralla will 
be clearly seen in the table to be partially due to the extent to which this folding in has 
taken place. 
