GARDINER—MADREPORARIAN CORALS. 279 
flatter-growing forms. This is the case in my two specimens, but the separate costal 
spines are of the character described and figured by Déderlein. The septal characters 
are precisely similar to those of his specimens, the teeth being nearly as regular. 
Locality. Egmont Atoll, Chagos. Known before from Singapore. 
In spite of the discovery of these two further specimens of typical 7. corona, I am 
inclined to doubt whether the species does not fall within the limits of variation of 
F, danai, but I have only four undoubted specimens of the latter species before me. 
h. Fungites-group. 
19. Fungia fungites (Linné). 
Déderlein, Senckenb. naturfors. Gesellsch. Abhandl. xxvii. pp. 186-156, tt. 20-25; Gardiner, 
Fauna and Geogr. Maldives & Laccadives, p. 940. 
Fungia patella et dentata, Gardiner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1898, p. 526. 
I have examined 64 specimens of this species from previous collections made by 
myself, in addition to 86 specimens in the present collection, 5 specimens collected by the 
late Mr. F. P. Bedford at Singapore, and 42 specimens collected by Mr. C. Crossland in 
the Red Sea, mostly near Sawakin, Port Sudan, and Donganab, a total of 147 specimens. 
I have nothing further to add to my remarks above referred to, except to emphasize 
the extraordinary variability of the species and to pay a warm tribute to Déderlein’s 
careful account of the species and its synonymy. Using his table (p. 147) I have been 
able to refer specimens to at least ten out of his thirteen so-called varieties, but there 
are intermediates between all, and individual specimens frequently combine the 
characters of two or more of his varieties. A careful study of my own specimens 
does not suggest that any of Doderlein’s varieties are secondary modes on the species 
curve, and so I do not attempt any further division of the species into varieties. 
Localities. Salomon (5) and Egmont (2), both Chagos; Coetivy (10); and Seychelles 
(19). Other specimens examined, not elsewhere recorded: Singapore (5), collected by 
the late Mr. F. P. Bedford; Zanzibar (1) and coast of Red Sea, Sawakin to Donganab 
(42), collected by Mr. C. Crossland. 
The species ranges all over the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific Ocean and appears 
to have reached most of its reefs, though it is not recorded hy Vaughan (loc. cit.) from 
the Sandwich Islands. The specimens from each locality have to some degree characters 
peculiar to each, or in other words have their own modes of growth. Thus most 
Maldivan specimens are large, little arched, round, heavy, with rather thick septa 
having angular pointed teeth and some trace of tentacular lobes; Chagos specimens are 
similar, but Coetivy ones are small and often slightly oval; Seychelles forms are of 
medium weight, rather arched, and have squarish teeth on their septa with no tentacular 
lobes; and, lastly, Red Sea forms tend to be much distorted, but are always light and 
generally rather arched, with thin brittle septa, having minute teeth and no tentacular 
lobes. One Singapore specimen is peculiar in that it consists of part of a large broken 
specimen, about 14 em. in diameter, which is regenerating the rest in a Diaseris-like 
manner, having already formed a circle of new corallum out from its broken edge 
