288 PERCY SLADEN TRUST EXPEDITION. 
calices are formed with 12-24 septa. Underside covered with rows of costal spines 
which more or less radiate from the central area; spines themselves rather minute, low, 
closely packed granular columns. 
The specimen is 3°8 em. high. It is distorted and twisted at one end; its length 
over the surface is upwards of 16 em., and it has 17 secondary calicular centres along its 
axial furrow. 
The second specimen, which has been killed at one end, is about 7 em. long by 2°5 em. 
broad. It had eleven secondary centres along its axial furrow, but three at one end have 
been killed. Its septal and costal characters agree closely with those of the larger 
specimen. Its sear, which is 12 by 8 mm., has never been completely covered over by 
the regrowth of the polyp-tissues. Perhaps in consequence of this a small trophozooid 
has commenced to grow out from the middle of the scar; it is round, about 5 mm. high 
by 3°5 mm. in diameter at its summit by about half as much at its base, and has four 
cycles of septa, the last very incomplete. It was evidently formed by the exposed tissues 
of the broken off anthocyathus, as its base is deeply rooted between the septa of its 
parent. (Figs. 18, 19.) 
Locality. Singapore, two specimens, the smaller stated to have come from an irregular 
part of the reef, ““water muddy”; collected by the late Mr. F. P. Bedford. 
I have already in the general account of the family referred to the specimens in the 
British Museum, particularly as progressively showing with growth less distinct radiation 
in the calicles both of the axial row and on the sides of the disc. Of these one specimen is 
branched into four ends ina quite #-like manner. Another specimen, about 34 by 
12 em., less arched than other forms, is interesting as showing on its underside ten yonng 
attached and growing discs, varying up to 4.cm. in diameter. The youngest are all 
circular with central calicles. As growth proceeds fresh calicles seem to form a line with 
this one, side calicles arising at the same time. The largest specimen actually examined 
was 42 cm. long. The ‘Challenger’ specimen is represented in Plate 36, fig. 13. 
| Postscript.—Since the above was sent to the printer, I have had the opportunity of 
examining the Fungia collected by Prof. W. A. Herdman on his recent visit to Ceylon. 
They comprise over 100 specimens, many dead and damaged, of F. cyclolites from the 
Ceylon Oyster Banks; they are on the whole larger, more arched, and rather more 
massive than the Red Sea forms recorded on p. 270. There is also a single specimen of 
another species, almost certainly F. costulata (see p. 271), on the lower surface of which 
a tubicolous serpulid has settled. 
Mr. C. Crossland has also sent me some more Fungiidee from Donganab, Red Sea. 
Among them I find four /. echinata (see p. 274), two of which are smaller than the 
type specimen of F. simplex (p. 274); the axial fossze do not continue to the ends of the 
coralla and the two species are undoubtedly specifically distinct. There is also a smal. 
specimen of Herpolitha limax, which is distinct from ZH. foliosa.—20th June, 1908. 
J. STANLEY GARDINER. | 
