GEOLOGY OF JAPAN 59 



(2) Carboniferous and Permian System. 



This system corresponds to the upper and middle divisions 

 of the so-called '' Chichilm System ", and, forming a continuous series, 

 it lies in general conformably upon the Pre-Carboniferous. 



The stratigraphical succession of the formation varies in different 

 parts of the country. But the easily recognizable and almost never 

 absent rocks, such as crumpled quartzite and hornstone of various 

 colours, adinole slate, schalstein, radiolarian slate, and FusuUna and 

 Crinoidal limestones are good marks of correlation. 



In the Outer Zone of the Japan arc, the formation is regularly 

 arranged, parallel with and on the outer side of the older Pre- 

 Carboniferous, while in the Inner Zone it is found in small isolated 

 areas irregularly distributed. 



The thick limestone of Omi near the city of Toyaraa abounds 

 in fossils including Foraminifera, Corals, Brachiopida, Cephalopoda, 

 etc. Among them, FusuUna, Sclnvagerina, Neoscliwagerina, Lons- 

 daleia, ProdncMs, Camarophoria, Pugnax, Spirifer, Syringothyris, 

 etc., are to be mentioned. The FusuUna limestone of Akasaka in 

 Mino is also rich in several kinds of fossils such as Textidaria, 

 Neoscliwagerma, FusuUna, Endothyra, Lyttonia, Arcliaeocidaris, 

 lleUcularia, Belleroplion, Pleurotomaria, etc. In the clayslate and 

 sandstone of the Kitakami mountains, Lonsdahia, Litlwstrotion, 

 Lyttonia, Productus, Spirifer, 31izzia, etc. were found. 



(3) Eyoke Metamorphics. 



Eyoke Metamorphics are chiefly biotite-gneiss and mica-schists, 

 frequently intercalated with quartz-schist and crystalline limestone 

 and rarely accompanied by amphibole-schists. They are usually in- 

 jected by schistose gTanites, the so-called gneiss, and cut again by 

 younger granites. 



Such metamorx)hics are best develoi*ed in the Ptyoke district 

 bordering the Tenryti-gawa, and the late Dr. T. Harada first gave to 

 them the name of the " Eyoke Gneiss and Schist " which has since 

 been applied by nmny geologists to allied rocks found in several other 

 localities. The same rocks in the Abukuma Plateau form the 

 " Takanuki Series " of Koto. 



By far the greater number of such metamor[)hic rocks seem to 



