GEOLOGY OF JAPAN 63 



Acanthoceras, Gaudryceras, Tetragonites, Turrilites, Nipponites, 

 Frionotropis, 31ortonioceras, Scapkites, Puzos ia, Desmoceras, Fhylloceras, 

 Baculites, Placenticeras, Hcmericeras, etc. 



(c) Cainozoic Group. 



(I) Tertiary Systebi. 



The Tertiary of Japan mostly belongs to the Neogene ; while the 

 Palaeogene, so far as is known, is of a limited extent. 



(A) Palaeogene : 



(i) Nummulites Beds of Ogasawara-jiraa (Bonin Islands) Eynkyli 

 Islands and Taiwan (Formosa) : — A volcanic tuff of Haha-jima 

 (Hillsborough) is full of Nummulites javanus Verbeek and N. hague- 

 lensis Verbeek, together with PeUastispira, OrtJiopJiragmma, etc. Prof. 

 H. Yabe detected also small forms resembling N. vredenhurgi and 

 N. cf. Jaevigcdus, and he believes the tuff to represent the upper 

 Lutetian. 



A limestone found on Ishigaki-jima, Eyukyfi, contain PeUastispira 

 and Orbitoides. In an impure limestone of the Clayslate Formation 

 of Taiwan, also numerous specimens of Orthophragmina and Numm^u- 

 lites are found. 



(ii) Coal-bearing Series of Northern Kyushu, Hokkaido and 

 Karafuto (Japanese Saghalien) : — The Coal-bearing Series of northern 

 Kyushu is an important representative of the Japanese Palaeogene. 

 The main coal-measure of Takashima has yielded Sabal nipponica 

 Kryst., besides Osmunda, Lastrea, Salvinia, etc. In the Ashiya Series 

 overlying the main coal-measure in the Miike coal-field Aturia, PJio- 

 ladomya, GrassateUa, Cardita, etc. have been discovered. All these 

 fossils are Eocene forms. In the coal-fields of Sasebo and Imari, 

 there is a coal-beariug series of rocks resting on the Ashiya Series, in 

 which an Anihracotherid tooth and Bracliyodus were discovered. These 

 fossils are considered to be Lower Oligocene in age. 



The Coal-bearing Series of Hokkaido and Karafuto also contains 

 plant and shell fossils identical with or allied to those of Northern 

 Kyushu and is recognized as nearly of the same age. 



(iii) Misaka Series : — This consists of various volcanic tuffs and 

 breccias, with sandstones, shales and conglomerates, especially in the 

 lower part, and is well exposed around the volcano Fuji, also in 

 several detached areas in the provinces of Shinano, Echigo, Kozuke 



