84 



BuNzo IIayata 



Crypioiucria jaj^onica DoN. Ginkgo hibha LiXK. 



are commouly found. The last named si)ecies, however, is found only 

 wliere it lias been planted. Common species among the evergreen 

 broad -leaved trees are :- 



Lithocmpiis cmpidata (Oeest) Elacocarpiis decipiens HemSL. 



Quercus glauca ThuNB. Eu/ya japonka Thunb. 



Qiierais my rsinac folia BLfME. Taonaho japonica SZYS. 



Ilex Othsra SPKENCr. Ciimamomwn pcdunculatam NeeS. 



I-'iUjsporum Tohira AlT. VHnirmim odoratissi'uuii Kek. 



Tall bamboo forests are everywhere found in the lowlands, while 

 dwarf bamboo formations of Arundinaria Chi'no Maiv., Sasa alho- 

 onarginata Ma.k. et Shib., S. nipponica Mak. ct Shib. and S. paniculata 

 Mak. et Shib. are commonly to be met with in the mountains. 

 As to the altitudinal distribution of the plants, Ave generally find 

 grass formations at the foot of the mountains ; then deciduous broad- 

 leaved tree formations, which give way gradually to conifer formations ; 

 next comes deciduous shrubbery, which ends in alpine meadows or in 

 fitunted growths of Pinus piimila Regel. Formations of evergreen, 

 broad-leaved trees are usually found in regions near the shore. In the 

 southern extremity of the Province of Kii (33° N. Lat.), there exists 

 many subtropical elements, such as Fteris JValUchiana Ag., P. longi- 

 pinnula Wall., P, himirita Linn. var. quadriavrita Luerss. and 

 epiphytic orchids and lycopods. 



The flora of Honshil is remarkable in that it includes elements 

 characteristic of much warmer regions. The species belonging to the 

 latter grouj) are as follows :- 



Kadsura japojiica DUNAI; Acanthopanax aciihatum Seem. 



Michelia compi-essa Maxim. Cissus japonica WiLLD. 



Etirya Ochnacea SzYS. Fimllia t:rnata Ereitenb. 



Ilex Hanccana Masim. Khtis semialala MXJKR. 



Aesculus turbiiiata BlUME. Picrasma quassioidjs BenN. 



Zanthoxyhvn pipei-itum DC. Lindera timbellata ThUKB. 



Phelljdendron anmr^ttse Rxjpr. CaLinthe discolor LlNDL.' 



Sinilax China LiNN. Alpinia japonica MlQ. 



IV. Shikoku (31°-34"30'N.Lat., 1.32^-13.5°E.Long.). 



The flora of the island of Shikoku consists entirely of elements 

 characteristic of warm regions, and in its southwestern extremity 

 (32°N.Lat.) are foimd many subtropical or even tro}>ical elements, 

 such as ;- 



