1]0 ToKio Kahueaki 



present well-raarked differences of form and colour, and afford exam- 

 2)les to mark the island off from the continent. Such species are 

 Sorex sJiinto saevus, S. oninutus gracUUmus, S. dophaenodon daphae- 

 "nodon, Sciurus vidgaris rupestris, Sciuropterus russicus athene, etc. 

 The long-tailed mouse (Sicista caudata') is supposed to represent a 

 solitary species in existence nowhere else. The Schrenck fox ( Vidpes 

 anadyrensis sclirencld) furnishes a very valuable quality of fur. 

 This has led to the establishment of farms for the breeding of it, in 

 company with some imported foxes. 



Some additional light may be thrown upon this question by the 

 avifauna which is less rich, having about 150 species, of which the 

 majority are forms almost or quite identical with those found on the 

 adjacent land and islands. Distinctive species amount to about 10, 

 such as Strix nehulosa sahlialinensis, Troglodytes troglodytes daurica, 

 Picoides tridactyhts saliltalinensis, Perisoreiis infaustus sakhaliene'is, 

 Finicola enucleator sakliaUnensis, Anthus spinoletta horealis, etc. 



Eeptiles and amphibians are extremely scanty, being known only 

 from 6 species, of which the following two are considered as endemic: 

 Bvfo sachalinensis and Hynohius cristatus. The remaining four are 

 of the same species as are found on the continent. They are Lacerta 

 vivipara, Coluher herus, liana amurensis, and R. temporaria, of which 

 the last appears in Hokkaido. 



The fauna of freshwater fishes exhibits an identity in general 

 character with, and a close similarity in species to, that of Hokkaido. 

 Orthrias oreas and Hucho perryi are those which are common to the 

 two islands. Some peculiarity may be attributable for the existence of 

 Lucius reicliertii and Oncorliynchus gorbitscha. 



Of butterflies more than 50 species and varieties are at present 

 known from the island, most of them being representatives of forms 

 found on the continent. Amongst them can be seen a number of 

 forms which are limited in distribution to the iiorth of the Soya strait. 

 Such forms are Vanessa urticae connexa, Gyanirls argiolus levetti, 

 Melitoea maturna intermedia, Argynnis amatlmsia miyake, Lycoena 

 karafutonis, Ly. optilete dbirica, PampMla silvius, etc. The distinc- 

 tive species recorded hitherto are Cyaniris sachalinensis, Adopoea 

 lineola, etc. 



As just sketched out, there is no room for doubt that the Soya 

 strait forms an important line of demarcation in the distribution of 

 animals. 



