152 A. 1m AMUR A 



towers, 1.2 km. apart, displaced in the same direction as much as 98 

 and 97 cm. from their respective original jaositions, the former moreover 

 leaving traces on the hard ground in intermediate positions. Similar 

 })henomeua are rare, but in the present catastrophe they were not so 

 uncommon, especially in or near Odawara, showing that there occurred 

 a shaking of the severest category possible in this district. 



The railway bridge at Isibasi had two rows of seven girders each 

 laid in the direction of S15°W., the eastern row being not yet fully 

 connected by rail ; at the time of the earthquake, the northern end 

 of each of the disconnected girders except the one at the centre fell 

 and the girders hung by the other end like a ladder. Some piers 

 were fractured near thtir bases, each upper part making a twist 

 counter-clockwise about an axis near the western edge of the pier. 

 (PI. XXVII.) 



The severest daDiage, however, to railway bridges was suffered 

 by that at the River Banyu. Here all the brick piers were broken 

 near the water mark and overturned longitudinally towards the lower 

 stream, or speaking more precisely, towards S28°E on the average. 

 (Fl. XXVIII. A) The locality extending from here to Hudisawa showed 

 an intensity of earth movement as great as 1/3 of gravity or more, 

 with the direction of motion roughly parallel to that in Tokyo (Fl. 

 XXVIII B -XXXI). 



In Kamakiu'a, the seismic inttnsity varied in different places 

 according to the geological structure of the situation, having been 

 maximum in the sandy district near the coast with a possible intensity 

 as great as 2/5 of gravity and minimum, i.e. 1/10 of gravity, in 

 the districts of tertiary formation. The Daibutu, a famous big bronze 

 image of the sitthig Buddha, sank as much as 45 cm. at the side 

 toward S15'^E and was displaced as much as 30 cm. towards the 

 depressed, side (Fl. XXXII. A). Here the temple gate showed a counter- 

 clockwise rotation of 10^ and a displacement of 20 cm towards X5°W, 

 while that at Komyozi was displaced as much as 50 cm. towards 

 X35°W. Afterwards I installed two seismographs, one on the grounds 

 of Kanagawa Normal School— representative of the tertiary formation 

 — and the other at the villa of Frince Simadu (Fl. XX B)— respre- 

 sentative of the sandy districts — in order to compare the differences 

 in seismic intensity. I made the surprising observation that the latter 

 l>lace is shaken in cases of near earthrpiakes as much as 4 or 5 times 

 more than the former, notwithstanding that the intervening distance 



