214 ^i- Bhieai 



Emperor Ojiii, Waiii, a Korean professor of Chinese learning was invited 

 to the Imperial Court. He brought with him Chinese Classics and 

 taught Chinese learning to the prince Wakairatsuko. At that time 

 the translation of Chinese lore relating to plants must have been 

 attempted for the first time. In 415 in the reign of the Emperor Ingio, 

 a Korean physician Kimniu was invited to Japan in order to cure the 

 severe illness of the Emperor. After the recovery of the Emperor from 

 his illness, the Chinese method of medicine was acknowledged as superior 

 to the home method. Thus the investigation of Chinese materia medica 

 must have been commenced at this time. 



In 554 in the reign of the Emperor Kimmei, a professor of Chinese 

 medicine named Oyuda and two explorers of drugs named Hanrioho 

 and Teiyuda came to Japan from Korea and contributed much to the 

 advancement of medicine and of the knowledge of drugs. In 562 a 

 Chinese learned man, Chiso of Wu (-^) Kingdom, came to Japan ac- 

 companied by Sadehiko, a Japanese general on the occasion of the 

 victory of the Japanese troops over the Korai forces in Korea. Chiso 

 brought with him many Chinese books on medicine and musical 

 instruments besides. These books afforded great aid to the investigation 

 of the materia medica of Chinese medicine. 



In 602 a Korean priest Kwanroku came to Japan and brought with him 

 many books on the natural sciences. Hinitachi learned medicine from him, 

 and is said to be a pioneer student of Chinese medicine in Japan. 



In the KojiJd or Records of Ancient Matters, the oldest Japanese 

 history written in 712, several scores of plant names are mentioned 

 in Chinese ideographs. This is the first document which shows the 

 efforts of the comparative study of Chinese and Japanese plants. In 

 701 in the reign of the Emperor Mommu, a university was erected 

 in Nara, then the capital of Japan. At the same time a medicinal 

 bureau was established and the science of medicine was enforced. A 

 botanic garden of medical plants was put under the charge of the 

 bureau, and two professors and six students of drugs belonged to it. 

 There the professors gave lectures on pents'ao and taught the students 

 about the terminology of medical plants and other drugs and how to 

 prepare, and where to collect. 



Between 898 and 900, a professor of medicine, Eukae Hojin, com- 

 piled by the Iniperial order Honzo-wamei, or Japanese names of Chinese 

 drugs, and mentioned 1025 names of the Chinese materia medica with 

 corresponding Japanese names. 



In 906 in the Imperial Medical Bureau, To Honzo {Tang Pents'ao) 



