A BRIRF HISIVR Y OF BOTANY IM OLD JAPAN 223 



pinonse was for the first time held in 1717 at Higashiyaraa, Kyoto, on 

 tlie 17th, 19th, 21st, and the 26tli of October, and the records of these 

 exliibitions were pnblished nnder the title of the Higa!<hiyaina Kika 

 Dai K'lrr/i in which are mentioned the names of 249 members present, 

 and the descriptions of 710 different forms of flowers exhibited. On 

 the 25th of the same month, another chrysanthemum flower exhibition 

 was opened at Kitano in Kyoto, which 92 members assembled, and 260 

 f^rms exhibited. A record entitled the Kitano Kihu Daikioai was 

 published on that occassion. 



In the same year chrysanthemnm shows were held in Yedo on the 

 2nd, 7th, 11th, 15th, and 19th of September in which 835 forms were 

 exhibited. In 1818, Saito Eiho held on the 16th Sept. at Yotsuya in 

 Yedo, an exhibition of the middle-sized chrysanthemnm flowers. In 

 1820, on the sixth of Sept., the same person held at Yotsuya, Yedo, an 

 exhibition of middle-sized chrysanthemum flowers and printed a catalogue. 

 In 1821 Hanai Eakugun on the 23rd, and Saito Eiho on the 17th Sept., held 

 chrysanthemum flower exhibitions, and issued printed catalogues. From 

 this time onward exhibitions of chrysanthemum flowers gradually became 

 one of the customary attractions in the daily life of the people. 



In 1727, the ShvJiotaidsu Sahen in 13 volumes by Emura 

 Joke! was written in which 400 species of flowering plants are 

 described. In the same year the Somohu kihin Kagami in 3 volumes 

 by Kinta appeared which treats of the variegated ornamental 

 plants and their originators. In 1733, a monograph in 5 volumes on 

 the Ehododendron cultivated in Jax>anese gardens was published by Ito 

 Ihei. In 1735, the Somohu Roha 8hd was published in which 208 

 species of ornamental plants are described. In 1805, the Sidki SJio 

 hica Shu in 2 volumes was ])ublished by Takatori Son'an ; the book 

 treats of more than 200 species of plants used as Ikebana or floral 

 arrangement. In 1829 the Somoku Kinyo Shn which treats of varie- 

 gated garden pknts in 7 volumes by Midsuno Issai was printed. The 

 illustrations annexed are very artistic and accurately depicted. 



At the end of the eighteenth century, cultivation of the forms of 

 Ardifiia, Tacliiha prevailed, and books relating to that plant appeared one 

 after the other. In 1797, three books the Kippin, the So Ho Hen, 

 and the Kippin R7iiko appeared at the same time treating of the dif- 

 ferent cult! ral forms of this species. In the beginning of the nine- 

 teenth century, the cultivation of the morning glory (Pharbitis 

 Nil) became exceedingly poymlar, and books relating to this plant 



