1915 BIRDS OF CALIFORNIA 87 
Haywards (J. G. Cooper, Amer. Nat., x, 1876, p. 90), and Oakland (McGregor, 
Auk, xtv, 1897, p. 91). Noted in migration on San Clemente Island (J. Grin- 
nell, Rep. Bds. Santa Barbara Ids., 1897, p. 15), and, perhaps breeding, on 
Santa Barbara Island (Willett, Pac. Coast Avif. no. 7, 1912, p. 60). Has been 
found in winter on the Colorado Desert: Palm Springs (J. Grinnell, Condor, v1, 
1904, p. 42; ibid., x1v, 1912, p. 154). 
262 (431) Calypte anna (Lesson) 
ANNA HUMMINGBIRD 
Synonyms—Trochilus anna; Atthis anna; Selasphorus anna; Calliphlox 
anna; Ornismya anna; Mellisuga anna; Trochilus icterocephalus. 
Status—Common resident of the Upper Sonoran zone west of the Sierran 
Divide: San Diegan district and central coast district north to include the San 
Francisco Bay region; western foothills of Sierras and innermost northern coast 
ranges to head of Sacramento Valley. Northernmost records: Ferndale and 
Eureka, Humboldt County, in winter (C. M. Wilder, Condor, xv, 1913, p. 129; 
Clay, Condor, xv, 1913, p. 184), Cahto, Mendocino County (McGregor, Nidolo- 
cist, m1, 1896, p. 130), Mount Sanhedrin (Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 
1904, p. 582), Mount Shasta (C. H. Merriam, N. Amer. Fauna no. 16, 1899, p. 
117), and Yreka (Feilner, Ann. Rep. Smiths. Inst., 1865, p. 429). All these 
stations are doubtless beyond the regular breeding area of this species. As with 
all our hummingbirds there is a post-breeding upward invasion, so that mid- 
summer finds many individuals temporarily in Transition and even Boreal of 
nearby mountain ranges. The species has also been recorded from Santa Cata- 
lina, Santa Cruz and the Farallon islands; casually in winter from the Colorado 
Desert: Palm Springs (J. Grinnell, Condor, v1, 1904, p. 42), Meeea and Braw- 
ley (Van Rossem, Condor, xi, 1911, p. 132). In its breeding range and through- 
out the year as well, save for the temporary partial exodus noted above, the Anna 
Hummingbird adheres with remarkable closeness to the Upper Sonoran life zone. 
263 (433) Selasphorus rufus (Gmelin) 
Rurous HuMMINGBIRD 
Synonyms—Trochilus rufus, part; Selasphorus ruber, part; Selasphorus 
henshaui; Calliphlox rufa; Red-backed Hummingbird. 
Status—Common migrant the whole length of the state west of the deserts; 
in spring through the valley and foothill regions of the Pacifie slope, in summer 
and fall chiefly along the mountain ranges. In spring, the species arrives early 
(March and even February), and some individuals are still about till early 
May. The return migration begins the last week of June (old males, followed 
in two or three weeks by females and young-of-the-year). The result of this 
state of affairs is that many unqualified records of breeding encumber even our 
most authoritative literature, which records were in all probability based either 
on the occurrence of rufus in a locality during its supposed breeding season, or 
upon misidentification of the eggs and nests of other species of hummingbirds. 
It is quite possible that rufus breeds in the Boreal zone along the central Sierra 
Nevada (though I have failed to establish even one undoubted instance of the 
