86 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 12 
Pipilo maculatus megalonyx (2) Blake, Auk, iv, 1887, p. 330. (3) Belding, Land Birds 
Pac. Dist., 1890, p. 171. (4) Townsend, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xi, 1890, p. 140. (5) 
Keeler, Zoe, 1, 1891, p. 339. (6) Linton, Condor, x, 1908, p. 208. (7) Swarth, Con- 
dor, xv, 1913, p. 168. (8) Grinnell, Pac. Coast Avif., 11, 1915, p. 132. 
Pipilo maculatus oregonus (9) Mailliard, Bull. Cooper Orn. Club, 1, 1899, p. 42. (/0) 
Beck, Bull. Cooper Orn. Club, 1, 1899, p. 86. 
Pipilo maculatus clementae (11) Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxi, 1900, p. 233. 
(12) Ridgway, Birds North & Mid. Am., 1, 1901, p. 418. (7/3) Howell and van Ros- 
sem, Condor, xi1I, 1911, p. 210. (14) Willett, Pac. Coast Avif., 7, 1912, p. 87. (15) 
Wright and Snyder, Condor, xv, 1913, p. 91. 
Pipilo clementae (?) (16) Linton, Condor, x, 1908, p. 128. 
Pipilo maculatus subsp. (17) Osburn, Condor, xt, 1909, p. 139. 
Spurred Towhee (78) Willett, Condor, x11, 1910, p. 171. 
The towhees of Santa Cruz Island have usually been classed with the last 
race, but several observers have placed them otherwise. While we were on the 
island in April, 1911, A. van Rossem called my attention to the fact that the eall 
and song of the birds in that locality were precisely like those of megalonyx on 
the mainland, whereas the notes of the towhees from the other islands are con- 
siderably different. The few birds from Santa Cruz Island in my collection are 
easily distinguished from Catalina specimens, but cannot be told from birds from 
Los Angeles County. H.S. Swarth (7) presents this fact very clearly, and after 
examining large series, identifies Santa Cruz Island birds as megalonyx. He in- 
fers that towhees from Santa Rosa Island would also be referable to the mainland 
race, but until an adequate series from that locality has been examined, I provi- 
sionally place them with clementae. 
Towhees are not abundant on Santa Cruz. In the spring they are shy and 
little in evidence, but in the fall, when their numbers have been increased by the 
yearly crop of youngsters, they are rather more common, seratching among the 
leaves of the brushy hillsides. 
Osburn (17) reported having seen a spotted towhee on the Coronados. If 
there was no mistake in regard to the record, this bird was probably a straggler 
from the mainland, for it is certain that no Pipilo is resident on that group of 
islands. 
15 ps Zamelodia melanocephala (Swainson) 
BLACK-HEADED GROSBEAK 
Habia melanocephala (1) Mailliard, Bull. Cooper Orn. Club, 1, 1899, p. 45. 
Zamelodia melanocephala capitalis (2) Grinnell, Pac. Coast Avif., 11, 1915, p. 135. 
On Santa Cruz Island, J. Mailliard (7 and MS) shot a male April 27, 1898, 
and saw several more. W. L. Dawson (MS) also saw a male that was in the 
possession of Mr. Luechelli of that island. 
156. Guiraca caerulea lazula (Lesson) 
WESTERN BLUE GROSBEAK 
Fuiraca caerulea lazula (1) Mailliard, Bull. Cooper Orn. Club, 1, 1899, p. 44. (2) Wil- 
lett, Pac. Coast Avif., 7, 1912, p. 88. 
Guiraca caerulea salicarius (3) Grinnell, Pac. Coast Avif., 11, 1915, p. 136. 
