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SUBMARINTE CABLE LAYING AND REPAIRING. 



from the break the strain may cause it to part afresh at the 

 grapnel, or if hooked too near the break the end may slip 

 through the grapnel in heaving up and be lost. A grapnel of 

 this kind, therefore, which will cut the cable at the moment it is 

 hooked, and abandon the short end while holding and bringing 

 up the other, is of special service in operations where total 

 breaks have to be repaired. 



Mr. Latimer Clark's original cutting grapnel was followed, in 

 1874, by Mr. Francis Lambert's design, in which a pair of 

 eccentric jaws or sliding wedge-shaped 

 blocks held the cable when cut. Mr. 

 W. Claude Johnson also designed, in the 

 same year, a grapnel to grip the cable 

 and cut it on one side. 



One of the most useful modern 

 forms of cutting and holding grapnel 



Fig. 110.— Cutting and Holding 

 Grapnel. 



Fig. 



111.— Cable Cut and 

 Held. 



is that designed by Mr. F. E. Lucas, of the Telegraph Con- 

 struction and Maintenance Company, and shown in Fig. 110. 

 Two arms, A A, pivoted on the pins P P, are held extended by 

 two bolts, one of which is shown at B in the figure. These 

 bolts are thinned down at the centre in the manner shown 

 The further ends of the arms carry pulleys, round which a 

 steel-wire rope passes as shown, the ends of the rope passing 



