ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT CV 



barism is important and fundameutal. The clan is a group of 

 people reckoning kinship in the female line, while the gens is 

 a group of people reckoning kinship in the male line. Tribes 

 reckon kinship in the male or female line together with affinity, 

 and adopted members of the tribe are given artificial kinsliip. 

 When tribes unite in confederacies, artificial kinship is estab- 

 lished as a legal fiction, and the members of one tribe know 

 the members of another tribe and address them by kinship 

 terms. The manner in wliich this kinshi}) organization is elab- 

 orated varies greatly from tribe to tribe. Radical difterences 

 exist between the tribes of savagery and the tribes of barba- 

 rism. In barbarism patriarchies are found as concomitant with 

 nomadic tribes, but in savagery the patriarchy does not exist, 

 uor are savage peoples jirojierly nomadic, as nomadism begins 

 with the domestication of animals and hio-her apiculture. 



The plan of organizing states into units of different orders so 

 as to form a hierarchy of groups is denominated regimentation, 

 and it can be made clear by explaining- primitive regimentation. 



With national states, territorial organization obtains. People 

 are divided into bodies or groups by districts. No two nations 

 are organized in precisely the same manner; though the general 

 plan is the sairie — i. e., by territorial Ijoundaries — the specific 

 manner in which the organization is worked into detail is ever 

 variable. It is impossible here to set forth all these various 

 methods. It will be sufficient to take some one nation and 

 explain its organization as a type, and for this purpose the 

 Government of the United State is chosen. 



The gi-and unit, or the nation, is divided into states and 

 inchoate states, or territories States are divided into counties, 

 and counties are divided into townships, sometimes called 

 towns. In addition to the hierarchy of units thus enumerated, 

 there are cities and villages, which are again divided into 

 wards, and these again into polling districts, while other dis- 

 tricts are sometimes found. The various units thus set forth 

 are established for executive purposes. This regimentation is 

 that which obtains for executive purposes. 



There is another system of regimentation for judicative pur- 

 poses. In part, but only in part, judicial districts coincide 



