40 



STONE IMPLEMENTS 



(EI H. ANN. 15 



ciated; for tlie idea of aboriginal quarrying had not yet been more 

 tban suggested, and tlie changes observed in tlie deposits were at first 

 attributed to natural distributing agencies. In the liglit of facts sub- 

 seijuently observed, this body of heterogeneous material came to be 

 recognized as part of the debris accumulated in an ancient trench, 

 which was cut obliquely by our trench. The ancient trenching had 

 been 4 or 5 feet deep at this point, and the side wall was quite broken 

 and irregular, sloping at a low angle in some places and in others being 

 vertical or even undercut. The digging had not penetrated to the 

 gneiss surface at tliis point. Tlie margin of the old trench is seen at 

 b, plate VI. From this point (the twentyfifth foot) the work of exca- 

 vation was carried 

 tliidugh the quarry 









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 OoOOaO oO oOo "iO oOooOOO. 



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sunr^ctsmLnjTHBon'i.Dns rcfusc aud little bv 

 little many novel 

 and striking fea- 

 tures were brought 

 to light, until at the 

 eightythird foot the 

 upper (juarry face 

 was reached. 



Near the lower 

 margin of the an- 

 cient digging a 

 small percentage of 

 artificial material 

 w a s encountered, 

 but before the thir- 

 tyfifth foot was 

 reached the hetero- 

 geneous nature of 

 the deposits began 

 to be a])parent. It 

 became clear that 

 nearly the entire 

 mass from the sur- 

 face of the ground to the gneiss floor, a thickness of from G to 12 feet, 

 had been worked over by the primitive quarrymen. There was abun- 

 dant evidence of the nature of the operations carried on both in secur- 

 ing and in working up the bowlders. 



Tlie cross section exposed in tlie front wall at the fortieth foot is 

 given in figure 7. As might be expected in the refuse heaps of such a 

 quarry there was little regularity and slight continuity in the deposits, 

 so that the section exposed along the left wall of our excavation seldom 

 corresponded closely with that along the right. The running section 

 given in jilate vi is not literal, but is drawn to express in a somewhat 

 generalized way the conditions observed. 



uivDisrungfo viAVCL 



Fig. 7 — Ci'0S3 section at the fortieth fooi. 



