HOLMES] 



THE PINY BRANCH QUARRIES 



51 



fragments evidently of artificial origin were found. Analogous condi- 

 tions were observed in pit c. Pit d ou the quarry level passed through 

 thin slope gravels, containing some artificial material, into the normal 

 bowlder beds. Pit e disclosed the sands and gravel of the ui>per sloijes. 

 Although the observations were not so complete as could be desired, 

 the evidence secured supports the theory that sliding took place as a 

 result of the quarrying operations, and that the protuberance on the 

 slope below represents the transported mass. The presence of shop 

 refuse in the lower pit, the occurrence of artificial flakes near the bot- 

 tom of the mass of sand and gravel forming the hump, the absence of 

 normal dump heaps and of quarry excavations along the bowlder out- 

 crop above, all tend to confirm this conclusion. The movement of a 

 large mass from the upper wall of the quarries would obliterate the 

 quarries and carrj- the quarry refuse down in front of it to the position 

 of pit a. These evidences, taken together with the apparently abnor- 

 mal conformation of the spur, seem to be sufficient warrant for the 

 conclusion reached. 



Fiti. 9— Section exposed by trencliiDjr on onter .mole of terrace. Flaked stones were found iu pits b 

 and c near the siirf.ice and near the bottom only. 



Other Pixy Branch i^ites 



East of the point just described the broad end of the terrace spur 

 facing Piny branch is very steep, and few traces of quarry or shop 

 work are to be seen; but lower down the slope, near the base, are 

 masses of material that must have descended by sliding and creeping. 

 Shop refuse is distributed through these masses and is found in the 

 floodplain of the creek at the base. By sti-eam action the flaked stones 

 and refuse of flaking have been scattered through the recent floodplains 

 of the whole valley below. On the eastern point or corner of the spur 

 overlooking the Fourteenth street bridge over Piny branch there are 

 numerous indications of ancient pitting on the bowlder-bed level, and 

 shop refuse is plentiful. Following this level around the slopes of the 

 ravines just west of Fourteenth street and across to the eastern side, 

 the same phenomena are observed. The slopes of the bluff west of 

 that in which the first trenching was done also bear evidence of having 



