78 STONE IMPLEMENTS [etii. a.nn. 15 



tlu'ic it had been hatti'iiMl otV witli stones: hut tlu'H' is no cxideuce 

 tliat (jiiairyiii}j' was i-esorttnl to. 



"Siicli i)ortioii of tlie bill as is not in timber has a licavy bine-grass 

 sod, and the {ground is visible only in a few small sjiots where animals 

 Lave bnrrowed. Flint chips and Hakes weie found at several of these. 

 At the foot of the spur at its northwestern tenninus is a si)ring, 

 around which these indications of raauufacture are abundant; and it 

 is re])oited that before the grass had become so thick a great many 

 broken or unfinished implements were i^icked np. Sjialls and chips 

 are abundant in the face of the bank around the S])ring, but it can not 

 be ascertained except by exca\ation how far they extend. Ko far as 

 could be learned the sjjace covered by this workshop seems too limited 

 to have been utilized for tJakiug more than a small part of tlK- tlint 

 that could have been obtained by the amount of digging apjiai-ent; it 

 may, however, be more extensive than reported, or there nniy be others 

 in the vicinity which have been overlooked. This can be determineil 

 only by researches at such points as seem favorable for the location of 

 arrowpoint factories." 



It is a notable fact that the existence of these quari-ies was known 

 and recorded at a very early date, as the following extract from Max- 

 well's Historical Register, Itichmoud, 1850, will show : 



On the lauds of Mr Joliu Sitliugtoii, in Crabbottoiii, Highland connty, there is 

 an area of perhaps 100 acres all dug over in pits. This was the great treasury 

 of that dark clouded fliutstoue out of which the Indians made those arrowheads of 

 that color found all over our state. The rock there is in great perfection, and iu 

 iuexhaustililo quantity. It would surprise anyone to see what lal)or had heen 

 expended here .and what vast i|uautity of the rock obtained. Here was the red 

 man's California. 



Flint implements occur so sparingly over the great tidewater areas 

 that it seems hardly likely that extensive (juarries existed within easy 

 reacli of the lowland peoples. iS^o caches have been recorded, and it 

 seems unnecessary to illustrate the forms of implements, which do not 

 differ in type from those of other materials. In the Potomac valley 

 above Harpers Ferry the vill.age-sites yield flint arrow])oints and spear- 

 heads, mostly black in color, in very considerable numbers. 



.lASI'EK A.NIJ AliGlLLITE QlTAKRIES 



Although these materials were used by the tidewater peoples, and 

 although some of the articles found were undoubtedly derived from 

 ([uarries, the exact location of these sources of supjjly can not be deter- 

 mined. It is not improbable, however, that the (juarries in Berks and 

 Lehigh counties, Pennsylvania, fui-nished the material. Implements 

 and other articles of these materials are later referred to. 



CACHES 



It will be observed that the leaf-shape blades made in the (luarries 

 are identical in character with the hoard or cache blades so well known 

 all over the, country. There can be little doubt tliat these hoards are 



