88 STOXE IMPLEMENTS (eth.ann.is 



have been coinijleted iiupleiueiits, for they are well finislied and very 

 haiidsoiiie, wliilc others, us clearly indicated by tiie crnde surfaces, 

 irregular edges, and blunt points, are blanks intended for farther 

 elaboration. A few of those illustrated may be rejects, as they are 

 rather thick and clumsy. 



If the blades shown in plate xxxix were elaborated a little more by 

 means of the bone tlaker, edges and points trimmed and delicate 

 notches cut, we should have about the series of specialized inii)lements 

 illustrated in jjlate xl. These represent some large specimens, which 

 may bo knives or spearheads, and a number of smaller size, probably 

 arrowpoints. 



Plates XLi and xlii include a pretty wide range of the smaller points, 

 and, so far as photographic i-epresentation is capable, convey a com- 

 plete idea of the Potomac valley forms. The majority of the speci- 

 mens are from the collection of Mr W. H. Phillips. The long lozenge 

 forms, occupying the upper part of plate XLi, are very plentiful and 

 often extremely iioat in iinish and graceful in outline. Below are tri- 

 angular forms, also very pleasing in appearance; and in plate XLii 

 notched forms and various eccentric shapes are seen. 



KIIYOUTE IMPLEMENTS 



The South mountain rhyolite quarry and its i)henomena, and the 

 transported masses, fragments, and blades referable to it, have received 

 attention on earlier pages. It is now necessary only to jiresent an 

 epitome of the varied and interesting articles of this material that may 

 be classed as finished implements. This brittle stone was shaped almost 

 exclusively by flaking processes, aud the final forms were in nearly 

 all cases deri\ed through the leaf shape blade. The massive, or lam- 

 inated, free-flaking stone encouraged the making of large blades, and 

 the range of size in the finished objects is considerably above that of 

 any other tidewater material. The texture was too coarse to encourage 

 elaboration, and the specia]ize<l forms include very little beyond the 

 simple blades aud spearheads and an-owpoints and an occasional per- 

 forator. The order and manner of development of the average blade- 

 derived implement of rhyolite are well shown in the seiies of drawings 

 l>resented in plate xliii. The quarry forms extend to d, and the cache 

 and disseminated forms appear in e, J\ {/, and /* (side views below, pro- 

 files above). 



As shown in a preceding section, the cache blades of this material 

 are often long and highly attenuated, and few examples of flaked 

 blades east of tlie Appalachian ranges surpass in size the fragmentary 

 specimen shown at the left in plate xliv. Just what this blade should 

 be called may not be determined, but it seems that such a specimen 

 was more probably designed to be hafted as a symbol of authority or 

 as a ceremonial object than as an implement to be used for any prac- 

 tical purpose. The contour of the fragment preserved would seem to 



