HOLMES] CELT AXD BLADE LMPLEMENTS 103 



Plates Lxviii aud lxix are devoted to the ilhistratiou of the ham- 

 merstoues of this site. They are interesting- as representing all the 

 forms used in flaking, as well as pecking and grinding, on a site where 

 nearly every form of tool was made and where every shaping process 

 was employed. I do not consider it probable that any fully satisfac- 

 tory separation of the specimens used for one purpose from those habit- 

 ually employed in another can be made, though it is to be expected that 

 eacli process separately practiced would lead to pronounced specializa- 

 tion. The first specimen of the series {«. plate lxviii) is a water-worn 

 pebble modified by crushing and flaking of the edges, probably in part 

 or wholly by use, while b i-etains little of the natural surface, and at 

 least a part of the flaking was manifestly designed to give shape to 

 the object. The specimen shown in c, plate lxix, is a stage further 

 advanced, the surface being partly battered into roundness, and d is 

 still more highly specialized. The last specimen of the series, e, has 

 been much reduced by pecking aud perhaps, in part, by abrading, 

 and exemplifies the pitted hammerstones characteristic of the eastern 

 United States. 



MISCELLANEOUS PECKED IMPLEMENTS 



As already remarked, the pecked and abraded implements of the tide- 

 water i^rovince comprise few objects aside from the celt and the grooved 

 ax. Several varieties are represented, but the numbers are limited 

 aud the shape and finish, save in a few rare exceptions, are rather rude. 

 The accompanying plates, from lxx to lxxv, inclusive, illustrate such 

 varieties as I encountered during the x>eriod of my investigations. 

 Numerous more perfect implements of several of the classes have been 

 found, but they are now out of my reach. 



Plate LXX contains four examples of perforated tablets, two having 

 two perforations and two having one each. The fragment a, made of 

 gray slate, is from the Potomac near Washington and is covered with 

 apparently meaningless engraved figures. The specimen shown in b 

 is of redbanded slate and was obtained from the great shell deposit 

 at the mouth of Popes creek, Maryland. The lai'ge specimen c is of 

 banded slate and was found in the highland in Virginia. The small 

 fragment d is from the District of Columbia. 



Four examples of winged ceremonial stones are illustrated in iilate 

 Lxxi. The roughedont form a was obtained from a village site at 

 Little falls, and the other specimens, all fragmentary, came from the 

 vicinity of Washington. 



The pitteil stones and mortar shown in jflate lxxii are from the great 

 shell heap at the mouth of Popes creek, and are common forms. The 

 same may be said of the upper figure in plate lxxiii. The pestle 

 shown in b was found on a village-site at Halls landing, Patuxent river; 

 the pestle c was i)icked up in a field above Little falls, and the sinker 

 came from a village-site near Little falls. 



