116 STONE IMPLEMENTS [etii. an.v. 15 



indistinctly soon at flic loft beyond the nieasnriiig rod. Tlie iixegu- 

 laily nodod and i)itt('d surfaco is rather iniiierlectly shown in the 

 picture. The width of the seam of workable stone is indicated by the 

 width of the quarry, and the change in direction at tlie farther end of 

 the main pit .seems to have been due to a change in the character of 

 the stone. 



In plate i-xxxii 1 have brought together a number of the cutting 

 inii)leuieuts selected from the two or three score recovered. Many 

 examples are of small size and show varying degrees of finish. Those 

 sliown are of a dark-gray eruptive rock and have been carefully shaped 

 and finished. The larger specimen a, a has been ground into nearly 

 sj'nimetrical shape and has a fine conical point. Tlie chisel h,l>\yns 

 flaked into general shape and both ends were reduced by grinding 

 to excellent flatfish cutting edges. The smaller specimen c lias a 

 ikeatly sharpened point and is wide at the opposite end, and like the 

 smaller example <?, which is obscurely notched near the top, was prob- 

 ably set in an antler handle for use as a chisel. Among the finds was 

 a well-shaped and mucli-iised hatninerstone of quartzite, which had 

 X^robably served to trim and sharpen the cutting tools. 



Traces of an old village-site were discovered on the stream bank, a 

 hundred yards or more below the quarry, and here various objects of 

 steatite, including a partially shaped but broken pipe, were found. 

 The more ordinary dwelling sites of the operators of this ([uarry were 

 doubtless on the larger streams below, and probably extended far down 

 the Potomac. This quarry can not be a great many miles from the 

 "antimony mines" reported by the native guides to the English who 

 first explored the Potomac. The fact that these peoples were enterpris- 

 ing enough to work an " antimony mine " suggests the probable iden- 

 tity of these Indians with the workers of the soapstone mines as well 

 as of the cpiartzite quarries of the general region. 



THE CONNECTICUT AVENUE QUAKRIES 



Extensive deposits of steatite are found within the limits of the 

 District of Columbia, but only one locality presents abundant traces 

 of ancient operations. This site is by some called the Rose hill (luarry 

 and by others the Dumbarton quarry. It is situated on Connecticut 

 avenue extended, 4 miles from the Executive Mansion, three fourths 

 of a mile east of Tenallytown, and a mile and a half from each of the 

 two great quartzitebowlder quarries already described. 



Literature 



The quarries in this locality seem to have been first studied by Dr 

 Elmer E. Reynolds, who in 1878 published' a careful description of the 



' Xhirtet'Dtli aimiinl report of the I'eubody Musfum, 1878, ]». 526. 



