144 STONE IMPLEMENTS rP-TPi anx.15 



fliii.sbeil forms ]);isse(l between llic lirst stroke };iveii to tlie shapeless 

 stone and the linished work of art. The size is considerably reduced 

 in tlie drawing. 



In the lirst and second series all tlie forms from the bowlder to the 

 most minute art sbai)es are represented in solid lines, beinj; exclusively 

 tidewater art. In the first series, niiirdjers 1. 2, 3,4, .">, and (J are shop 

 rejects (turtlebaeks, etc) and are not implements. Numbers 7, S. and !( 

 are roughed-out forms (blanks or blades ready for liuther specializa- 

 tion) and are not necessarily ini])lements, althoiifjh they were ix-rhaj)-* 

 available as kni\es and s('rai>ers. The ninnbers from 10 to IS aie spe- 

 cialized forms derived mainly, no doubt, from bowldeis, ami include 

 knives, spearheads. arrowi)oints, and perforators or drills. 



The second series comjjrises Ibrins derived mainly from (juart/. ]tel)- 

 bles; naturally they are smallei- than the (piartzite foiins. They are 

 drawn in solid lines, beinj;' of native derivation. Numbers 1. 2. 3, 4, 

 5, (), and 7 are shop rejects (turtlebaeks) and are not imi)lement.s. 

 Number S is a ])rofile showing- an ordinary "peak" or humj) of the 

 reject. Numbers 9, 10, and 11 are successful blades, which may have 

 beeu employed as knives or scrapers, though siudi forms were usually 

 intended for s])eciali/.ation into anowpoints, spearheads, pei'forators, 

 etc, as indicated in numbers 12 to 20. 



The third series, consisting of objects of rhyolite, is drawn jiartly in 

 solid lines and |>artly in dotted outlines. Those in solid lines coiuiirise 

 traiis))orted and specialized objects, which were collected in the tide- 

 water country. Those in (loltc<l lines, «, b. c. il. c, and /', are the rejects 

 of manufacture which aie not found in the tidewater couutiy. Iieing 

 obtained only on the (piarry-shoj) sites in Adams county, Pennsylvania. 

 The successful blades, illustrated in fi, h, and /, were carried away from 

 the (juarry to be used as they are or for s])ecialization into the succeed- 

 ing forms, j to (], when needed. The tidewater ])rovince is abundantly 

 suiiplied with all tln^ I'ornis from (/ to q. 



The fourth series, coiin)osed of articles of Jasper, repeats very closely 

 the conditions of the third or ihyolite series. The sizes average 

 smaller on account of the inferior massiveness and minuter cleavage of 

 the rock. The rejects of manufacture, indicated in dotted lines, are 

 obtained mainly from the recently discovered (juairies in eastern Penn- 

 sylvania. Other ([uarries neai-er at hand may yet be found, and some 

 of our rivers furnish occasional bits and pebbles of this niateiial. The 

 cache and finished objects, (j to tj. are widely scattered over the tide- 

 water region. Three or four othei' materials of e(|ual interest with those 

 given coulil be added, but the lesson would not be made clearer than as 

 it stands. 



It is of the utmost importance, in taking up the stone imi)lemeuts of 

 a region, that eai^h leading niatmial be traced back to its source, so that 

 from this i)oint of view a study can be made of the full life history of the 

 implements — the woik of quarrying, shaping, transportiug, linishing, 



