148 8T0NK IJIPLEMENTS (etii. an-n.15 



{jreat lliickiics.s iiloiij;' the middle of the turiii. It is these thick I'uriiis, 

 rtaketlou one or both sides and exhibiting types of conforinatiou neces- 

 sarily oft repented, and scattered over the country wherever shajiiiig 

 fioni bowlders was attempted, that lia\e puzzled and confused archeolo- 

 gists. It was not the practice here or elsewhere to finish the imple- 

 ments on the quarry site. The form was develoited just far enough to 

 make trans2>ortation easy and the subsecpient work of specialization 

 simple and safe. 



Destiny of the quarry product — From the quarry-sh()])s the blades 

 were carried away to be specialized, finished, and used. Some are 

 tbuud in hoards or caches, suggesting transportation from the quarries 

 or from place to jdaco in numbers; some are found on village-sites and 

 scattered over the fields, and many examples still retain the crude 

 edges and points just as they came from tlui roughiug-out shops; others 

 are neatly trimmed, probably for use as knives, scrapers, etc, while 

 the vast majority are sharpened and stemmed, or notched for hafting 

 as projectile pt)ints. Jn these olijects we liave not only the quarry- 

 shop product but the product of all other shops of the province as \vell. 



Rmh; flahed implements — Numerous heavy llaked implements of the 

 region, found on \illagesites, in shell banks, and elsewhere, were shaped 

 from bowlders hy striking off a few flakes, giving rude edges and points. 

 They are not of quarry origin as the inferior grades of material, found 

 very generally distributed, were utilized. As scattered about they are 

 not easily distinguished from the ordinary rejectage of blade making. 



flif/hhind quarries — Quarries beyond the limits of the tidewater region 

 were extensively worked by implement makers. The stone was in the 

 mass, but the processes employed in shaping it and the results reached 

 closely duplicate corresponding features in tlie lowland quarries. The 

 blades made were transported to all parts of the lowland and worked 

 up into implements duplicating the local varieties. No rejects of this 

 work are found in the lowland, and rude implements of the materials 

 involved are extremely rare outside of the highland. 



Battering and ahrading processes — Implements to be shaped by these 

 processes — celts, axes, and the like — were very often reduccHl to approxi- 

 nnite shai)e by flaking. Tough, heavy, hard stones were preferred, and 

 disseminated water-worn pieces were often chosen. The fracturing 

 process(;s eni])loyed were the same as those concerned in ordinary 

 liaking, but since; the objects to be made were of diflerent classes the 

 rejectage presents distinct types of form. The celt, the most numerous 

 class of ])ecked-abraded tools, has a wide edge and a roundish body 

 somewhat i)ointed above. Flaked implements of leaf-blade (uigin have 

 a i)oint instead of an edge, while the bodies are Hat and the upper end 

 is broad. These distinc^tions were necessarily foreshadowed in the 

 incipient forms, and aborted s])ecimens, found intermingled on sites of 

 manufa(-ture, may be distinguished by tendencies, in the one type, to 

 si)ecialization of a broad end, and in the other by tendencies to detiui- 



