DORSEV) PONKA AND QUAPAW DIVISIONS 229 



Buffalo tail, or j^e((eze (I-ataji, Does-uot-eat-bull'alo tougues, or jje-jifiga 

 ([•ataJT, Does-uot-eat-a-very-young-bulif'a-l()-calf; 2, xe-da it'aji, Uoes-not- 

 touch-a-buflalo-head or skull). Water pLratry (?): Geus 7, Wajaje, 

 Osage (iu two subgentes at present: 1, Dark Osage, Keepers-of'-a- 

 sacredpipe, or Wase^u-it'aji, Doesiiottouoh-verdigris, or Naq(^'e-it'aji, 

 Uoes-not-toHch-charcoal ; 2, Gray Osage, or Wes'a wet'aji, Doesuot- 

 toucb-serpeiits ; 3, Necta, an Owl subgens, now extinct). Gens 8, Nuqe, 

 Keddisb-yellow buffalo (miscalled Nuxe, Ice). Subgeutes uncertain, but 

 there are four taboo names: Doesuot-touch-a-buflf'alo-liead (or skull), 

 Does-uot-toucli-a-buft'alo-calf, Docs-not-toucb-tbe-yellow-Lide-oi-a-bufl'a- 

 lo-calf, aud Does-uot-eat-buffalo-tougues. 



THE QUAPAW OR KWAPA 



When the Kwapa were discovered by the French they dwelt in five 

 villages, described by the early chroniclers as the Imaha (Iniaham, 

 Imahao), Capaha, Torimaii, Tongiuga (Doginga, Topinga), and Southois 

 (Atotchasi, Ossouteouez). Three of these village names are known 

 to all the tribe: 1, Uj|a'qpaqti, Real Kwapa; 2, Ti'-ua'd(J'i ma° 

 (Toriman), Ti'-u-a-dfi' ma" (of Mrs Stafford) ; 3, U-zu'ti-u'-we (Southois, 

 etc). The fourth was Ta"'wa° ji'^fa. Small village. Judging from anal- 

 ogy and the fact that the fifth village, Imaha, was the farthest up 

 Arkansas river, that village name must have meant, as did the term 

 Omaha, the upstream people. 



The following names of Kwapa gentes were obtained chiefly from 

 Alphonsus Vallicre, a full-blood Kwapa, who assisted the author at 

 Washington, from December, 1890, to March, 1891 : 



]Sra"'pa°ta, a Deer gens; 0°phu" enikacij[a, the Elk gens; Qidf, 

 e'nikaci'jja, the Eagle gens; Wajin'jja enikaci':^a, the Small-bird gens; 

 Han'^ia e'nikaci'j^a, the Ilaii'jpa or Ancestral gens; Wasa' e'nikaci'jja, 

 the Black-bear gens; ]Ma"tu' e'nikaci'3[a, the Grizzly-bear ( '? ) gens; Te 

 e'nikaci'j[a, the Bufl'alo gens (the ordinary buffalo); Tuqe'-nikaci'}[a, 

 the Reddish-yellow Buffalo gens (answering to Nuqe of the Ponka, 

 Yuqe of the Kansa, (puqe of the Osage) ; Jawe' nikaci'ifa, the Beaver 

 gens; Hu i'nikaci'jia,the Fish gens; Mika'q'e ni'kaci'ija, the Star geus; 

 Pe'ta" e'nikaci'sja, the Crane gens; Caujje' nikaci'ija, the Dog (or 

 Wolf ?)gens; Wakan'ja e'nikaci'jja, the Thunder-being gens; Ta"d((-a°' 

 e'nikaci'j[a or Ta'"d(f'a'' tan'jja e'nikaci'jja, the Panther or Mountain- 

 lion gens; Ke-ni'kaci'jia, the Turtle gens; Wcs'a e'uikaci'^ja, the Ser- 

 pent gens; Mi c'nikaci'jja, the Sun gens. Valliere was unable to say 

 on which side of the trilial circle each gens camped, but he gave the 

 personal names of some members of most of the gentes. 



On visiting the Kwapa, in the northeastern corner of Indian Territory, 

 in January, 1894, the author recorded the following, with the assistance 

 of Mrs Stafford, a full-blood Kwapa of about 90 years of age: Among 



