EoRsEYl WINNEBAGO AND MANDAN DIVISIONS 241 



7. Deer gens — Coiumon name, Tea' i-ki'ka-ra'-tca da, T hey-call- them- 

 selves afler-a-deer; archaic name not recorded. 



8. Waftr-iiiOH.sti'r(jeits — Common name, Waktce'-qii-ki'-ka-ra'-tca-da, 

 They-call-themselvesafter-a-water-monster ; archaic name not recorded. 



Some of the Winnebago say that there is an Omaha gens among' the 

 Winnebago uf Wisconsin, but James Alexander knew nothing about 

 it. It is very probable that each Winnebago gens was composed of 

 four subgentes; thus, in the tradition of the Winnebago Wolf gens, 

 there is an account of four kinds of wolves, as in the corresponding 

 Iowa tradition. 



The Winnebago lodges were always built with the entrances facing 

 the east. When the warriors returned from a tight they circumambu- 

 lated the lodge four times, sunwise, stopping at the east just before 

 entering. 



THE MANDAN 



e 



The Mandan tribe has not been visited by the author, who must con- 

 tent himself with giving the list of gentes furnished by Morgan, in his 

 "Ancient Society.'' This author's system of spelling is preserved : 



1. Wolf gens, Ho-ra-ta'-mu-make ((^a-ra ta' nu-man'-ke"?). 



2. Bear gens, Mii-to'-no-miike (^Nla-to' nu-maiV-ke). 



3. Prairie-chicken gens, See-poosh'-kii (Si-pu'-cka nu-mafl'-ke). 



4. Good-knife gens, Tii-na-tsu'-ka (Ta-ne-tsu'-ka nu-mau'-ke'?). 



5. Eagle gens, Ki-tii'-ne-make (Qi-ta' nu-uian'-ke?). 



6. Flat-head gens, E-st;i-pa' (Hi-sta pe' nu-mafi'-kef). 



7. High-village gens, Mete-ah'-ke. 



All that follows concerning the Mandan was recorded by Prince 

 Maximilian in 1833. I'olygamy was everywhere practiced, the number 

 of wives differing, there being seldom more than four, and in general 

 oidy one. The Mandan marriage customs resemble those of the Dakota 

 and other cognate peoples. 



When a child is boru a person is i^aid to give it the name chosen by 

 the parents and kindred. The child is held up, then turned to all sides 

 of the heavens, in the direction of the course of the sun, and its name 

 is proclaimed. A Mandan cradle consists of a leather bag suspended 

 by a strap to a crossbeam in the hut. 



There are traces of descent in the female line; for example, sisters 

 have great privileges ; all the horses that a young man steals or cap- 

 tures in war are brought by him to his sister. He can demand from his 

 sister any object in her possession, even the clothing which she is wear- 

 ing, and he receives it immediately. The mother-in-law never speaks to 

 her son-in-law, unless on his return from war he bring her the scalp and 

 giiu of a slain foe, in which event she is at liberty from that moment 

 to converse with him. This custom is found, says Maximilian, among 

 the Hidatsa, but not among the Crow and Arikara. While the Dakota, 

 Omaha, and other tribes visited by the author have the custom of 

 15 ETH 16 



