FEWKEsj NINE days' ceremonials 261 



this (late to the fiutil public exhibition there are sixteen days, a multi- 

 ple of the omnipresent number four. 



Some of the Katcinas have nine days of ceremoQials, counting- the 

 assembly and the linal purification. 



The inception of .the ceremony is called tcotcoii yiinya, smoking 

 assembly, in which the chiefs (mou'niowitu) meet together in the even- 

 ing at a prescribed house. The meeting places are as follows: 



Tciitciib ( Snake- Autelojje fraternity) Snake chief's mother's house. 



Mamzrai'i Salako's. 



Li'ilakoh Kotcniim.si's. 



Soyalufia . . ; Vcnsi's. 



Wiiwiitcim Tciwiiqti's. 



Lenya (Flute) Talasvensi's. 



Nimiiu Kwiimaletci's. 



On the day following this smoke the speaker chief (tcaakmonwi) 

 at early sunrise announces to the public that tlie ceremony is to begin, 

 and to the six direction deities (nananivo mon'mowiti'i) that the priests 

 are about to assemble to jiray for rain. Eight days after the announce- 

 ment the chiefs gather in the kiva, and that day is called yiiriya, assem- 

 blage, but is not counted in tlie seiiuence of ceremonial days. The first 

 ceremonial day is Oiictala, after which follow the remaining days as 

 already ex])lained in my account of the Snake ceremonials. Counting 

 the days from the commencement, the Snake, Flute, >«inian, Lalakonti, 

 and Mamzraiiti are always celebrated in extenso sixteen days, or nine 

 days of active ceremonies, as showu in articles elsewhere. When 

 Naacnaiya is not celebrated, Wiiwiitcimti, Powiimfi, Soyiiluna, and 

 Paliiliikofiti are abbreviated to four days of active ceremonials. 



The following diagnosis may be made of these great nine days' cere- 

 monials: Duration of the ceremony, nine consecutive days and nights; 

 no masked dancers in secret or public exhibitions; no Katcinas; no 

 Tcukuwymi)kiyas.' Altars and sand mosaics generally present. Indi 

 vidua! ceremonials either annual or bieninal, but in either case at 

 approximately the same time of the year; sequence constant. Tiponi' 

 generally brought out in the public dance. Many pahos,^ ordinarily of 

 difl'erent length (Snake, Flute, Lalakonti, Mamzraiiti), to deposit in 

 shrines at varying distances from the town. Ceremonial racing, gen- 

 erally in the morning of the eighth and ninth days. 



'Clowns, called likewise " mudheada " and " gluttons . ' ' 



^lie tijioui is sujiposfd to be the mother or tlie palladium, the sacred badge of office of the society. 

 It is one of the wiini or sacred objects in the keeping of a chief, and is the insigiiium of his official 

 standing. Tlie character of this object varies with different societies, and, in a simple form, is an ear 

 cf corn snrronnded by .sticks and bright-colored feathers bound by a buckskin string. For the con- 

 tents of the more elaborate forms, see my description of the Ljllakoiiti tiponi (called bundles of 

 piihos). 



'Pdhoa or prayer-sticks are prayer-hearers of ditferent forms conceived to be male and female when 

 double. Their common form is tigiired in iiiy memoir on the Snake Ceremonials at Walpi ; Jour. 

 Am. £th. and Arch., vol. iv. p. 27. I'rescribed forms vary with different deities. 



