284 TUSAYAN KATCINAS Ibth. axx. 15 



promiited tlio buy. who cast his handful of meal on or toward Tnnwiip. 

 The jiodfathiT also cast meal on tlie same |)ers(>iia}j;e and then divested 

 the boy of all his clothing and presented the lad with his ba<;k toward 

 Tunwu]>, who all tliis time had maintained his trotting motion but with- 

 out advancing. Tunwup then jilied one of his yucca wands vigorously, 

 giving the boy five or six forcible lashes on the back. After this was 

 over the godfather withdrew the screaming boj' and tied anakwakwoci 

 to his scalplock. The mother was standing by and hurriedly <-overed 

 her son, friglitened with his ]>unishmeiit, and led him home, but the 

 mother was careful to see that he carried his tcotcuunwa in his hand. 



If the child were a girl, her godmother led her up to Tunwu]), but 

 her little gown was not taken off; only the mantle was removed for the 

 Hogging. Notwithstanding this, however, the blows were delivered 

 with enough force to cause considerable pain, but her crying probably 

 resulted as much from fright as from ])hysical suffering. The god- 

 mother led the little girl back to her home, after having cast meal on 

 Tunwu]!, and was very careful that the child carried her tcotcuunwa. 



There were five children of age varying from about eight to ten 

 years who were thus flagellated. After each boy was flogged the god- 

 father cast meal toward Tunwup and then held out his own bared 

 arms and legs successively, which Tufiwu]) lashed four or five times 

 with all his nught; but no women were .submitted to this flagellation. 

 Several men who had some ailment also went uj) to Tunwup, and cast- 

 ing meal upou him received lashes on their bare arms and legs. 



The man who personified Tunwup exercised considerable discretion 

 in performing his duty. In the case of a little girl who showed more 

 than ordinary fear, he simply whirled his yucca whip over her head with- 

 out touching her, and then motioned her away ; but on the arms and legs 

 of the adults he laid his whip without restraint. When all had been 

 flagellated, I'auwatiwa came u}) from his kiva and gave Tunwup a 

 handful of meal and a. nakwakwoci, who then trotted off, going outside 

 the pueblo, possibly to preserve the illusion among the children that 

 he was a real Katcina who had visited the pueblo from afar. 



For four su(!cessive mornings the flagellated child was taken to a 

 point on the mesa called Talatiyuka and there deposited a nakwakwoci 

 in a shrine and cast meal toward the sun. During this time the child 

 was not peiinitted to eat salt nor flesh, but on the fourth day a little 

 before sunset this abstinence ceased, and the child might henceforth 

 look upon Katciuas and sacred objects in the kivas without harm. 



The primary significance of the flogging seems to be that until 

 children have acquired sufficient intelligence or are eight or ten years 

 of age, they :ire made to believe that the Katcinas, appearing at each 

 dance, are superhuman visitors, and they are never permitted to see an 

 unmasked Katcina. When they have matured enough or have suBi- 

 cient understanding, they are instructed that the real' Katcinas have 



• Afl I have alix-ady pointed out. the youth who dona the mask of a Katcina is helieved to be for the 

 time transformed into a dcitv (soul). 



