MiNDELEFF] 8TKPS TOWARD THE REPAIRS 327 



stone for the wulls. FiDally, he gave some historical notes, and closed 

 with a peroration. 



Mr Morrison's jjlans were fonnd impracticable, as their execution 

 ■would require an expenditure of many times the sum appropriated, 

 and on September 23, 1889, all the papers in the case were transmitted 

 by the Secretary to the Director of the Geological Survey, " for appro- 

 priate action under the clause of the act referred to, as being within 

 the province of your Bureau." It was ordered that the work be com- 

 menced without the least delay, and November 27, 18S0, Mr Victor 

 Mindeleft', of the Bureau of Ethnology, was detailed by the Director 

 and ordered to proceed to the ruin and report on the best means of 

 repairing it and protecting it from further destruction. He was also 

 directed to make other investigations in the vicinity, which have no 

 relation to the present case. 



On July 1, 1890, Mr Mindeleff submitted a report. He described the 

 ruins of which Casa Grande is the type, and also Casa Grande itself. 

 He also made a statement of the condition of the ruin and suggested 

 that the main destruction was due to the undermining of the walls, 

 and stated that much damage had been done by tourists. He recom- 

 mended (I) that an area about the ruin be fenced in; (2) that a man 

 be located permanently on the ground to watch the ruins; (3) that the 

 ruins be cleaned out; (4) that the walls be underpinned witli brick 

 instead of stone, as previously suggested ; (5) that the tops of the walls, 

 after removing several inches to afford a good bearing surface, be treated 

 with a coping of cement. It was regarded that this plan, if carried 

 into effect, would afford sufficient protection against the weather, but 

 a plan for a roof was submitted should such a structure be deemed 

 desirable and practicable. Jlr Mindeleff' also recommended a number 

 of tie-rods and beams, the replacement of the broken-out lintels, and 

 the filling of the cavities above. 



This plan was approved in its general features, but the means pro- 

 vided for its execution were found insufficient. A further complica- 

 tion arose from the fact that a few months later Mr Mindeleff' severed 

 his connection with the Bureau of Ethnology and his knowledge became 

 no longer available. 



November 20, 1890, the writer was ordered to proceed to the ruin 

 and inaugurate the work of repair, following, so far as practicable, the 

 plans already approved. He left Washington soon afterward and 

 reached the ruin late in December. It was found necessary to make a 

 detailed survey of the ruin and of the group of whicli it forms a part, 

 and to make plans and sections showing the probable amtmnt of excava- 

 tion for the use of those who were invited to bid on the work. Further- 

 more, the amount approjiriated was so well known to be inadequate 

 that great difficulty was experienced in obtaining bids, and it was only 

 through the efficient cooperation of the Reverend I. T. Whittemoro at 

 Florence and of Mr C. A. Garlick at Phcenix that success was finally 



