PLAN OF THE EXPEDITION 
It seemed to me in making a plan for archeological field work in 1895, 
that the prehistoric cliff houses, cave dwellings, and ruined pueblos of 
Arizona afforded valuable opportunities for research, and past experi- 
ence induced me to turn my steps more especially to the northern and 
northeastern parts of the territory.!. The ruins of ancient habitations 
in these regions had been partially, and, I believe, unsatisfactorily 
explored, especially those in a limited area called Tusayan, now inhab- 
ited by the Moki or Hopi Indians. These agricultural people claim to 
be descendants of those who once lived in the now deserted villages of 
that province. 
I had some knowledge of the ethnology of the Hopi, derived from 
several summers’ field work among them, and I believed this informa- 
tion could be successfully utilized in an attempt to solve certain arche- 
ological questions which presented themselves.” I desired, among other 
things, to obtain new information on the former extension, in one direc- 
tion, of the ancestral abodes of certain clans of the sedentary people of 
Tusayan which are now limited to six pueblos in the northeastern part 
of the territory. In carrying out this general plan I made an exami- 
nation of cliff dwellings and other ruins in Verde valley, and under- 
took an exploration of two old pueblos near the Hopi villages. The 
reason which determined my choice of the former as a field for investi- 
gation was a wish to obtain archeological data bearing on certain Tusa- 
yan traditions. It is claimed by the traditionists of Walpi, especially 
those of the Patki* or Water-house phratry, that their ancestors came 
from a land far to the south of Tusayan, to which they give the name 
Palatkwabi. The situation of this mythic place is a matter of consid- 
erable conjecture, but it was thought that an archeological examination 
of the country at or near the headwaters of the Rio Verde and its 
tributaries night shed light on this tradition. 
It is not claimed, however, that all the ancestors of the Tusayan 
1See ‘The Prehistoric Culture of Tusayan,’’ American Anthropologist, May, 1896. ‘Two Ruins 
Recently Discovered in the Red Rock Country, Arizona,” ibid., Augusf, 1896.‘ The Cliff Villages of 
the Red Rock Country, and the Tusayan Ruins, Sikyatki and Awatobi, Arizona,” Smithsonian Report 
for 1895. 
2The reader’s attention is called to the fact that this report is not intended to cover all the ruins 
in the section of Arizona through which the expedition passed; it is simply a description of those 
which were examined, with a brief mention of such others as would aid in a general comprehension 
of the subject. The ruins on the Little Colorado, near Winslow, Arizona, will be considered in a 
monograph to follow the present, which will be a report on the field work in 1896. If a series of 
monographs somewhat of this nature, but more comprehensive, recording explorations during many 
years in several different sections, were available, we would Have sufficient material for a comprehen- 
sive treatment of southwestern archeology. 
8Tt may be borne in mind that several other clans besides the Patki claim to have lived long ago 
in the region southward from modern Tusayan. Among these may be mentioned the Patun (Squash) 
and the Tawa (Sun) people who played an important part in the early colonization of Middle Mesa. 
17 ETH, Pr 2 5 529 
