FEWKES] STONE IMPLEMENTS FROM HONANKI y7el 
mentation on the few fragments which were found is composed of geo- 
metric patterns, and is identical with the sherds from other ruins of 
Verde valley. A fragment each of a dipper and a ladle, portions of a red 
bowl, and a rim of a large vase of the same color were picked up near 
the ruin. Most of the fragments, however, belong to the first classes— 
the coiled and indented wares. 
There was no evidence that the former inhabitants of these buildings 
were acquainted with metals. The ends of the beams had been hacked 
off evidently with blunt stone axes, aided by fire, and the lintels of the 
houses were of split logs which showed no evidence that any metal imple- 
ment was used in fashioning them, We found, however, several stone 
tools, which exhibit considerable skill in the art of stone working. 
These include a single ax, blunt at one end, sharpened at the other, 
and girt by a single groove. The variety of stone from which the ax 
was made does not occur in the immediate vicinity of the ruin. There 
were one or two stone hammers, grooved for hafting, like the ax. A 
third stone maul, being grooveless, was evidently a hand tool for 
breaking other stones or for grinding pigments. 
Fia. 251—Stone implement from Honanki 
Perhaps the most interesting stone implement which was found was 
uncovered in the excavation of one of the middle rooms of the western 
part of the ruin, about three feet below the surface. It consists of 
a wooden handle rounded at each end and Slightly curved, with a 
sharpened stone inserted midway of its length and cemented to the 
wood with pitch or asphaltum. The stone of this implement would 
hardly bear rough usage, or sustain, without fracture, a heavy blow. 
The edge is tolerably sharp, and it therefore may have been used in 
skinning animals. Judging from the form of the handle, the imple- 
ment is better suited for use as a scraper than for any other purpose 
which has occurred to me (figure 251). 
The inhabitants of the two ruins of the Red-rocks used obsidian 
arrowpoints with shafts of reeds, and evidently highly regarded frag- 
ments of the former material for knives, spearheads, and one or two 
other purposes. 
The stone metates from these ruins are in no respect characteristic, 
and several fine specimens were found in place on the floors of the rooms. 
One of these was a well-worn specimen of lava, which must have been 
