FEWKES] TEXTILE ARTICLES—ORNAMENTS 573 
Several specimens of sandals, some of which are very much worn on 
the soles, were found buried at the floor level. These are all of the 
same kind, and are made of yucca leaves plaited in narrow strips. 
The mode of attachment to the foot was evidently by-a loop passing 
over the toes. Hide and cloth sandals have as yet not been reported 
from the Red-rock ruins of Verde valley. These sandals belonged to 
the original occupants of the cliff houses. 
Fabrics made of cotton are common in the ruins of the Red-rocks, 
and at times this fiber was combined with yucca. Some of the spee- 
imens of cotton cloth were finely woven and are still quite strong, 
although stained dark or almost black. Specimens of netting are also 
common, and an open-mesh legging, similar to the kind manufactured 
in ancient times by the Hopi and still worn by certain personators in 
their sacred dances, were taken from the western room of Honanki, 
There were also many fragments of rope, string, cord, and loosely 
twisted bands, resembling head bands for carrying burdens. 
A reed (figure 252) in which was inserted a fragment of cotton fiber 
was unlike anything yet reported from cliff houses, and as the end of 
the cotton which projected beyond the cavity of the reed was charred, 
it possibly was used as a slow-mateh or tinder-box. 
Several shell and turquois beads were found, but my limited studies 
of the cliff-houses revealed only a few other ornaments, among them 
being beads of turkey-bone and a Single wristlet fashioned from a Pec- 
tunculus, One or two fragments of prayer-sticks were discovered in a 
rock inclosure in a cleft to the west of the ruin. 
CONCLUSIONS REGARDING THE VERDE VALLEY Rutrns 
The ruins of the Verde region closely resemble those of Tusayan, 
and seem to support the claim of the Hopi that some of their ancestors 
formerly lived in that region. This is true more especially of the 
villages of the plains and mesa tops, for neither cave-houses nor 
cavate-dwellings are found in the immediate vicinity of the inhabited 
Tusayan pueblos. The objects taken from the ruins are similar to 
those found universally over the pueblo area, and from them alone we 
can not say more than that they probably indicate the same substratum 
of culture as that from which modern pueblo life with its many modifi- 
cations has sprung. 
The symbolism of the decorations on the fragments of pottery found 
in the Verde ruins is the same as that of the ancient pueblos of the 
Colorado Chiquito, and it remains to be shown whether the ancestors 
of these were Hopi or Zuni. I believe it will be found that they were 
both, or that when the villages along the Colorado Chiquito! were 
An exhaustive report on the ruins near Winslow, at the Sunset Crossing of the Little Colorado, 
will later be published. These ruins were the sites of my operations in the summer of 1896, and 
from them a very large collection of prehistoric objects was taken. The report will consider also the 
ruins at Chaves Pass, on the trail of migration used by the Hopi in prehietoric times in their visits, 
for barter and other purposes, to the Gila-Salado watershed. 
