FEWKES] GARAYCOECHEA’S MISSIONARY LABORS 601 
visit of Garaycoechea, in the spring of 1700, he found that the mission 
had been rebuilt. In this connection it is instructive, as bearing on 
the probable cause of the destruction of Awatobi, to find that while 
the inhabitants of this pueblo desired to have the mission rehabilitated, 
the other Tusayan pueblos were so hostile that the friends of the priest 
in Awatobi persuaded him not to attempt to visit the other villages. 
This warning was no doubt well advised, and the tragic fate which 
betell Awatobi before the close of the year shows that the trouble was 
brewing when the padre was there, and possibly Garaycoechea’s visit 
hastened the catastrophe or intensified the hatred of the other pueblos. 
At the time of Garaycoechea’s visit he baptized, it is said, 73 per- 
sons. This rite was particularly obnoxious! to the Hopi, as indeed to 
the other Pueblo Indians, notwithstanding they performed practically 
the same ceremony in initiations into their own secret societies. The 
Awatobians, however, or at least some of them, allowed this rite of the 
Christians, thus intensifying the hatred of the more conservative of 
their own village and of the neighboring pueblos. These and other facts 
seem to indicate that the real cause of the destruction of Awatobi 
was the reception of Christianity by its inhabitants, which the other 
villagers regarded as sorcery. The conservative party, led by Tapolo, 
opened the gate of the town to the warriors of Walpi and Mishon- 
inovi, who slaughtered the liberals, thus effectually rooting out the 
new faith from Tusayan, for after that time it never again obtained a 
foothold. 
The visit of Padre Juan Garaycoechea to Tusayan was at the invita- 
tion of Espeleta, chief of Oraibi, but he went no farther than Awatobi, 
where he baptized the 73 Hopi. He then returned to the ‘‘ governor,” 
and arrived at Zuniin June. According to Bancroft (p. 222), ‘‘In the 
‘Moqui Noticias’ Ms., 669, it is stated that the other Moquis, angry that 
Aguatuvi had received the padres, came and attacked the pueblo, killed 
all the men, and carried off all the women and children, leaving the 
place for many years deserted.” Although I have not been able to con- 
sult the document quoted, this conclusion corresponds so closely with 
Hopi tradition that I believe it is practically true, although Bancroft 
unfortunately closes the quotation I have made from his account with 
the words, “I think this must be an error.” Espeleta, the Oraibi chief, 
and 20 companions were in Santa Fé in October, 1700, and proposed a 
peace in which the Hopi asked for religious toleration, which Governor 
Cubero refused. As a final appeal he desired that the fathers should 
not permanently reside with them, but should visit one pueblo each 
year for six years; but this request was also rejected. Hspeleta returned 
to Oraibi, and immediately on his appearance an unsuccessful attempt 
was made to destroy Awatobi, followed, as recounted in the legend, by 
a union with Walpi and Mishoninovi, by which the liberal-minded 
1 At the present time one of the most bitter complaints which the Hopi have against the Spaniards 
is that they forcibly baptized the children of their people during the detested occupancy by the con- 
querors. 
