FEWKES] EXCAVATIONS IN THE MISSION RUIN 609 
of towers which formerly supported a baleony. During a previous visit 
to Tusayan I obtained fragments! of the ancient bell, which are now 
on exhibition in the Hemenway section of the Peabody Museum at 
Cambridge. 
The stone walls of the mission were rarely dressed or carefully fitted, 
the interstices being filled in with loose rubble laid in adobe. There 
was apparently a gallery over the entrance to the building overlooking 
many smaller buildings, which evidently were the quarters of the resi- 
dent priest. The construction of the walls was apparently a laborious 
task, as many of the stones are large and must have been brought a 
considerable distance. These stones were laid in adobe, and appar- 
ently were plastered without and within, although little evidence of 
the former plastering may now be seen. At the northwestern corner, 
however, there still remain well-made adobe walls, the clay having 
been intermixed with straw. From the general appearance of these 
walls I regard them as of late construction, probably long after the 
destruction of the mission. 
An examination of the plan of the mission building shows that it 
was oriented about north and south, with the entrance toward the latter 
direction. Compared with many other pueblo missions, this would seem 
to be an exceptional position. In my excavations I naturally sought 
the probable position of the entrance and, opposite it, the recess for 
the altar. It is evident, from the form of the standing walls, that an 
entrance from the east would be blocked by standing walls, and the 
axis of the building is north and south. The theory that the door was 
at the south has much in its favor, but there are several almost fatal 
objections to this conclusion. 
If, however, we suppose that the entrance was in the south wall, the 
high walls still standing above the trail up the mesa would then recall 
the facades of other missions. The rooms east of the largest inclosure, 
by this interpretation, would be outbuildin gs—residence rooms for the 
padres—one side of which forms the eastern walls of the church edi- 
fice. The form of the Awatobi church, as indicated by the walls still 
standing, is very similar to that of Zuni, notwithstanding the orienta- 
tion appears to be somewhat different, 
Excavations failed to reveal any sign of the altar recess at either the 
northern or the western end, which is not surprising, since the walls are 
80 poorly preserved in both these directions. It was, moreover, very 
difficult to make a Satisfactory examination of the foundations of the 
walls at any point on account of the fallen stories. which encumbered 
the floor at their bases. 
From the appearance of antiquity it seems probable that long before 
the mission buildings were erected a ridge of many-storied houses 
'There are two fragments, one of which is large evough to show the size of the bell, which was 
made either in Mexico or in Spain. The smaller fragment was used for many years as a paint- 
grinder by a Walpi Indian priest. 
17 ETH, PT 2 10 
