618 EXPEDITION TO ARIZONA IN 1895 (ETH. ANN. 17 
and micaceous hematite (plate Cx1tI, a, d, e) such as is now called 
yayala and used by the Snake priests in the decoration of their faces. 
There were also many arrowpoints in an earthen colander, and a ladle 
was luted over the mouth of the red vase. My native excavators pro- 
nounced this the grave of a warrior priest. The passageways into this 
chamber of death had all been closed, and there were no other mortuary 
objects in the room. This was the only instance of intramural inter- 
ment which I discovered in the excavations at Awatobi, but a human 
bone was found on the floor of another chamber. So far as known the 
Awatobi people buried most of their dead outside the town, either in 
the foothills at the base of the mesa, or in the adjacent sand-dunes. 
The work of excavating the graves at the foot of the mesa was 
desultory, as I found no single place where many interments had been 
made. Several food vessels were dug up at a grave opened by K6peli, 
the Snake chief. I was not with him when he found the grave, but he 
called me to see it soon after its discovery. We took from this exca- 
vation a sandstone fetish of a mountain-lion, a fragment of the bottom 
of a basin perforated with holes as if used as a colander. Deposited 
in this fragment were many stone arrowheads, several fragments of 
green paint, a flat green paho ornamented with figures of dragon-flies 
in black. In addition to a single complete prayer-stick there were 
fragments of many others too much broken to be identified. One of 
these was declared by K6peli to be a chief’s paho. The grave in which 
these objects were found was situated about halfway down the side of 
the mesa to the southward of the highest mounds of the western 
division of the pueblo. 
Here and there along the base of all the foothills south of Awatobi 
are evidences of former burials, and complete bowls, dippers, and vases 
were unearthed (plate cx111, b, c). The soil is covered with fragments 
of pottery, and in places, where the water has washed through them, 
exposing a vertical section of the ground, it was found that the frag- 
ments of pottery extended through the soil sometimes to a depth of 
fifty feet below the surface. There was evidence, however, that this 
soil had been transported more or less by rain water, which often 
courses down the sides of the mesa in impetuous torrents. 
Human bones and mortuary vessels were found south of the mis- 
sion near the trail, at the foot of the mesa. In a single grave, a foot 
below the surface, there were two piles of food bowls, each pile con- 
taining six vessels, all broken. 
The cemetery northwest of Awatobi, where the soil is sandy and easy 
to excavate, had been searched by others, and many beautiful objects 
of pottery taken from it. This burial place yielded many bowls (plates 
CLXVIU, CLXVIII) and jars, as well as several interesting pahos similar to 
those from Sikyatki, which I shall later describe but which have never 
before been reported from Awatobi. It was found that one of these 
prayer-sticks was laid over the heart of the deceased, and as the skele- 
