622 EXPEDITION TO ARIZONA IN 1895 (ETH. ANN. 17 
south, on the Little Colorado. These colors are in part due to the 
character of the paste which was used, and the clay most often selected 
by Awatobi potters made a fine yellow vessel. The material from 
which most of the vessels were manufactured came, no doubt, from a 
bank near the ruin, where there is good evidence that it was formerly 
quarried. 
Three coarse clay objects, such as might have been used for roof 
drains, werefound. The use of these objects, possibly indicated by their 
resemblance, is not, however, perfectly clear. Their capacity would not 
be equal to the torrents of rain which, no doubt, often fell on the house- 
tops of Awatobi, and they can hardly be identified as spouts of large 
bowls, since they are attached to a cireular disk with smooth edges. In 
wanteof a satisfactory explanation I have provisionally regarded them 
as water spouts, but whether they are from ancient vessels or from the 
roofs of houses I am in' much doubt.! 
One of the most instructive fragments of pottery taken from the 
ruins is that of a coarse clay vessel, evidently a part of a flat basin or 
saucer, The rim of this vessel is punctured with numerous holes, 
the intervals between which are not greater than the diameter of the 
perforations. 
Several platter-like vessels with similar holes about their rims have 
been taken from other ruins of Jeditoh valley and mesa, the holes 
being regarded as having been made as a means of suspension. Near 
a sacred spring called Kawaika,’ not far from Jeditoh, near Awatobi, 
a large number of beautiful vessels with similar holes in their rims 
were excavated by Mr T. V. Keam, and later passed into the collec- 
tions of the Hemenway Expedition, now installed at Cambridge. They 
are of all kinds of ware, widely different in shape, the number of mar- 
ginal perforations varying greatly. As they were found in large num- 
bers near a spring they are regarded as sacrificial vessels, in which food 
or sacred meal was deposited as an offering to some water deity. The 
handle of a mug (plate cx1, /) from Awatobi, so closely resembles the 
handles of certain drinking cups taken from the cliff-houses of San Juan 
valley that it should be specially mentioned. There is in the handle 
of this mug a T-shape opening quite similar in form to the peculiar 
doorways of certain cliff-dwellings. The mug is made of the finest 
white ware, decorated with black lines arranged in geometric patterns. 
So close is its likeness in form and texture to cliff-house pottery that 
the two may be regarded as identical. Moreover, it is not impossible 
that the object may have been brought to Tusayan from Tségi canyon, 
in the cliff-houses of which Hopi clans* lived while Awatobi was in its 
prime, and, indeed, possibly after the tragedy of 1700. The few frag- 
1Similar ‘‘spouts’’ were found by Mindeleff at Awatobi, and a like use of them is suggested in his 
valuable memoir. 
2The Keresan people are called by the same name, Kawaika, which, as hitherto explained, is spe- 
cially applied to the modern pueblo of Laguna. 
’The Asa people who came to Tusayan from the Rio Grande claim to have lived for a few genera- 
tions in Tubka or Tségi (Chelly) canyon. 
