FEWKES] KATCINA CULT REVEALED BY POTTERY 625 
found, as might be expected, in the former ruin. This small fragment 
is instructive, in that it indicates the existence of the katcina cult in 
Tusayan before 1700; but the rarity of the figures of these supernatu- 
ral beings is very suggestive. The fragment in question is of ancient 
ware, resembling the so-called orange type of pottery, and is appar- 
ently a part of the neck of a vase. The figure represents Wupamo, the 
Great-cloud katcina, and is marked like the doll of the same as it 
appears in the Powami or February celebration at Walpi.! 
The associates of the katcinas are the so-called “mud-heads” or 
clowns, an order of priests as widely distributed as the Pueblo area, In 
Tusayan villages they are called the Tcukuwympkia, and are variously 
personated. As they belong especially to the katcina eult, which is 
naturally supposed to have been in vogue at Awatobi, I was greatly 
interested in the finding of a fragment representing a grotesque head 
which reminded me of a glutton of the division of the Teukuwympkia 
called Teuckuti. While there may be some doubt of the validity of my 
identification, yet, taken in connection with the fragment of a vase with 
the face of Wupamo, I think there is no doubt that the katcina cult was 
practiced at A watobi. 
STONE IMPLEMENTS 
Comparatively few stone implements, such as mauls, hammers, axes, 
and spearpoints, were found; but some of those unearthed from the 
mounds are finely finished, being regular in form and highly polished. 
There were many spherical stones, resembling those still sometimes used 
in Tusayan on important occasions as badges of authority. These stones 
were tied in a buekskin bag, which was attached to a stick and used 
as a warclub. Many of the axes were grooved for hafting; one of 
the specimens was doubly grooved and had two cutting edges. By 
far the largest number were blunt at one pole and sharpened at the 
opposite end. A single highly polished specimen (plate CLXxx1, /) 
resembles a type very common in the Gila Salado ruins. 
Arrowheads, some of finely chipped obsidian, were common, being 
frequently found in numbers in certain mortuary bowls. Three or four 
specimens of other kinds of implements fashioned from this volcanic 
glass were picked up on the surface of the mounds. 
Metates, or flat stones for grinding corn, were dug up in several 
houses; they were in some instances much worn, and were eagerly 
sought by the Indian women who visited our camp. These specimers 
differ in no respect from similar mealing stones still used at Walpi 
and other modern Tusayan pueblos. Many were made of very coarse 
'The head is round, with lateral appendages. The face is divided into two quadrants above, with 
chin blackened, and marked with zigzag lines, which are lacking in modern pictures. In the left 
hand the figure holds a rattle. The body is wanting, but the breast is decorated with rectangles. 
17 ETH, PT 2 11 
