FEWKES] INTRUSIVE RELICS IN AWATOBI RUINS 631 
OBJECTS SHOWING SPANISH INFLUENCE 
We would naturally expect to find many objects of Caucasian origin 
in the ruins of a pueblo which had been under Spanish influence for a 
century. I have already spoken of certain architectural features in 
the eastern part of Awatobi which may be traced to the infiuence of 
the Spanish missionaries, and of small objects there were several differ- 
ent kinds which show the same thing. The old iron knife-blade already 
mentioned as having been found among the corn in a storage chamber in 
the northern row of houses was not the only metallic object found. Not 
far from the mission there were unearthed many corroded iron nails, a 
small hook of the same metal, a piece of cast copper, and a fragment of 
what appeared to be a portion of a bell. There were several pieces of 
glass, the surfaces of which had become ground by the sand which had 
beaten upon them during the years in which they had been exposed. 
There was found also a fragment of a green glazed cup, which was 
undoubtedly of Spanish or Mexican make, and sherds of white china 
similar to that sold today by the traders. These latter specimens were, 
as arule, found on the surface of the ground. 
It will therefore appear that the archeology of Awatobi supports the 
documentary evidence that the pueblo was under Spanish influence for 
some time, and the fact that all the above-mentioned objects were taken 
on orin the eastern mounds emphasizes the conclusion that this section 
of the town was the part directly under Spanish influences. Nothing 
of Spanish manufacture was found in the rooms of the western mounds, 
but from this negative evidence there is no reason to suspect that this 
section of Awatobi was not inhabited contemporaneously with that in 
the vicinity of the mission. 
THE RUINS OF SIKYATKI 
TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE PUEBLO 
Very vague ideas are current regarding the character of Hopi cul- 
ture prior to Tobar’s visit to Tusayan in 1540, and with the exception 
of the most meager information nothing concerning it has come down 
to us from early historical references in the sixteenth century. It is 
therefore interesting to record all possible information in regard to 
these people prior to the period mentioned, and this must be done 
mainly through archeology. 
Although there are many Tusayan ruins which we have every reason 
to believe are older than the time of Coronado, no archeologist has 
gathered from them the evidences bearing on prehistoric Tusayan cul- 
ture which they will undoubtedly yield. Large and beautiful collec- 
tions of pottery ascribed to Tusayan ruins have shown the excellent 
artistic taste of the ancient potters of this region, indicating that in 
the ceramic art they were far in advance of their descendants. But 
