164 



EIGHTH ANNUAL. REPORT OF THE 



Brood is similar to the American Foul 

 Brood? 



Mr. Wright — ^I so consider it. 



Mr. Manley — In bees that are affected 

 with paralysis, does the disease ever 

 disappear witljout treatment? 



Mr. "Wright — ^It does. 

 Mr. Manley — ^Will it eventually de- 

 stroy the colony? 



Mr. Wright — That I can't say. I 

 don't know of it having destroyed any 

 colonies. 



Mr. Manley — We have been import- 

 ing bees by the carload into our State, 

 and we have had considerable trouble 

 along that liae. I have sometimes 

 thought it was paralysis, other times 

 I have thought it was not. We no- 

 ticed the bees in large numbers crawl- 

 ing over the ground and moving all 

 over the apiary, and it would always 

 disappear and we would usually get a 

 good heavy honey flow.. I finally 

 thought it came from confinement on 

 the cars. The wings of the bees were 

 worn out to that extent that those 

 large numbers were seen all over the 

 apiary. 



Mr. Wright — How long after the 

 moving did you observe all that? 



Mr. Manley — Possibly about three 

 weeks. I noticed it in the clover flow. 



Mr. Wright — Those were old honey- 

 gathering bees? 



Mr. Manley — I can't say whether 

 they were all old bees or not. 



Mr. Wright — ^I have never known of 

 losses by it although there may have 

 been. 



Mr. Moe — ^If this specimen of dis- 

 eased brood was brought in and 1 got 

 hold of it and got my fingers sticky 

 and I go home and handle my own 

 combs and bees, what would be the 

 result ? 



The President — ^Wash your hands. 



Mr. Moe — ^According to the accounts 

 given here will that be sufficient when 

 neither carbolic acid nor heat always 

 kills? 



Br. Bohrer — ^Do you treat a Euro- 

 pean Foul Brood similar to American 

 Foul Brood? 



Mr. Wright — Yes. If you wash your 

 hands in a solution of carbolic acid 

 \ and formalin, it will be all right, I 

 think. 



At the request of many in the Con- 

 vention, Mr. William McEvoy of On- 



tario addressed the Convention as fol- 

 lows- 



Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen: — I 

 am in an awful fix amongst scientists 

 and I don't take too much stock in 

 some of the scientific work, in a way, 

 to start on, because they are mixed 

 or confounded with black brood and 

 foul brood or at least European and 

 American foul brood, and to start off 

 I will rule out the American and I will 

 speak of foul brood. The other, I 

 think, has a good name to leave it 

 under, the name of black brood, be- 

 cause otherwise it mixes matters so. 

 I have not been very familiar with 

 black brood, although I have run 

 across it, and that requires the same 

 treatment as the other. But, go back 

 to 1875 when my experience with foul 

 brood was that it broke out in my own 

 apiary. I heard there was such a 

 thing, and in my ignorance I dis- 

 tributed it splendidly. I would take a 

 comb of brood out of the diseased 

 hive and exchange it with a strong 

 one, and I soon found I was spreading 

 the disease. I tried many things and 

 I failed in curing it. At last I thought 

 if I would take nice white combs that 

 never had brood in and put them in 

 the colony it would make a qure. Oh, 

 not so simple! It gave it a great 

 check, though. The bees are a little 

 restless for a while. I carefully lifted 

 the combs apart to see the queen and 

 I saw quite a little honey here and 

 there, and I knew they hadn't got it 

 altogether, and I took some of that 

 honey and I fed it to others and I gave 

 the disease right there from that. 

 That led to finding the honey was dis- 

 eased. At that time we had no foun- 

 dation, and I started with extractor, 

 and I can cure any case of foul brood 

 with the extractor. It is not very prac- 

 tical, but this was my early experi- 

 ment with it. I left the combs with 

 the bees a day for four days and I 

 extracted each evening; then I took 

 them away and let them gather and 

 give another set of combs and ex- 

 tracted in two days more, and it was a 

 cure. My combs couldn't last out for 

 I hadn't them to spare. Finding that 

 the honey was diseased, I said. Where 

 is the disease? That is the next thing, 

 because all the honey in the foul hive 

 is not diseased, the most of it is; 

 sound, because if it was all diseased 

 it would kill all the brood at once,, 

 but it wasn't. Where was the dis- 

 eased brood? I took a wire and ran it 

 across and then ran it crossways; 



