20 



the generalizations of localizers that a verdict of " not 

 proven" must at present be recorded against tlicni. 

 Take a few examples : 



First. Haemorrhage in the hrain. Brown-Sequard 

 justly observes {vide Lancet, July 29, 1876), that: 



Convulsions may appear as well on the side of the lesion in the 

 brain as on the other side, and that if they are more frequent on 

 this last side when the cause is a tumor or an intlamniation, they on 

 the contrary, are more often witnessed on the side of a luemorrhage 

 in certain parts, and perhaps in more parts of the brain." 



Out of two hundred and twenty-two cases of hpem- 

 orrhage collected by Gintrac (putting aside the 

 cerebral ganglia, the ventricles, and the central parts) 

 there were forty-seven cases of convulsions either on 

 one side, or on the two sides of the l)ody. Of these 

 forty seven cases, there were eleven in forty-five cases 

 of haemorrhage in the convolutions; two only in seven- 

 teen cases in which blood was effused in the anterior 

 lobes; twenty-five in one hundred and twenty-seven, in 

 which it was in the middle lobes, and nine in thirty- 

 three cases in which it was in the posterior lobes. The 

 same general distribution of eflftcient causes in the 

 brain, producing similar effects, have been collated by 

 thousands, all going to show that a local disease of the 

 brain may (if at all manifest) produce certain effects, 

 as is seen in the connection of aphasia with lesions 

 of certain lobes, but when we find a large numl)er of 

 cases in which the same part is diseased, and no such re- 

 sults follow, and also that other parts of the brain becom- 

 ing diseased do produce the same results, we are foi'ced 

 to the conclusion that some perv^ading influence must 

 be at work upon nerve cells at a distance from the seat 

 of the disease, and that it overleaps physical lesions 

 and abnormal conditions in its oj^erations. An insane 

 person dies, and we find a large portion of his brain, or 



