XXX BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 
tion of reports; other portions have been added to the archives 
for use in prospective investigations, while most of the objective 
material has already been arranged in the National Museum 
in such manner as to be accessible for study. The scientific 
results of the work are set forth in other paragraphs. 
OFFICE RESEARCH 
Work in EstHEeTo.tocy 
During the greater part of the year Mr Frank Hamilton 
Cushing was employed in arranging and cataloguing the 
remarkable collection of relics exhumed from salt marshes in 
western Florida during the previous fiscal year and in prepar- 
ing his report for the press. The objects collected embrace a 
wide variety of domestic implements and utensils, weapons for 
use in war and the chase, fabrics for apparel and fishing, 
appurtenances to water craft, etc. In addition, there were 
many objects such as are used in primitive ceremony, compris- 
ing elaborately painted and carved masks and effigies. “Many 
of the industrial devices are painted and carved in a manner 
remarkable for wealth of imagery and delicacy of execution. 
An important part of Mr Cushing’s work was comparative 
study of the designs, in form and color, found in connection 
with the ceremonial and other objects; and substantial progress 
ras made in the interpretation of the designs. Most of these 
are zoic. The bear, the wolf, the wild-cat, the woodpecker, 
and different water birds and aquatic animals are represented 
in carvings and paintings with a fidelity to detail which ren- 
ders them not only readily identifiable but really artistic. 
Some of the effigies approach the natural size, and are attached 
to other articles in such manner as to indicate that they were 
worn as masks or crests, probably in dramatic ceremonies 
analogous to those of the Indians of the pueblos and of other 
primitive peoples. These elaborate carvings are associated 
with wooden masks, shaped to fit the face, bearing painted and 
carved designs of corresponding character, but more or less 
conventionized in form and color. The realistic or partially 
conyentionized forms displayed on the masks are imitated not 
