NELSON] SOMATIC FEATURES il 
beard two or three inches in length, with a well-developed mustache 
(plates Iv, v). No such development of beard was seen elsewhere in 
the territory visited. 
The people in the coast region between the mouths of the Kuskokwim 
and the Yukon have peculiarly high cheek bones and sharp chins, which 
unite to give their faces a curiously pointed, triangular appearance. 
At the village of Kaialigamut I was impressed by the strong develop- 
ment of the superciliary ridge. From a point almost directly over the 
pupil of the eye, and extending thence inward to the median line of 
the forehead, is a strong, bony ridge, causing the brow to stand out 
‘sharply. From the outer’edge of this the skull appears as though 
beveled away to the ears, giving the temporal area a considerable 
enlargement beyond that usually shown. This curious development of 
the skull is rendered still more striking by the fact that the bridge 
of the nose is low, as usual among these people, so that the shelf-like 
projection of the brow stands out in strong relief. It is most strongly 
marked among the men, and appears to be characteristic at this place. 
Elsewhere in this district it was noted only rarely here and there. 
All of the people in the district about Capes Vancouver and Roman- 
zof, and thence to the Yukon mouth, are of unusually light complexion. 
Some of the women have a pale, slightly yellowish color, with pink 
cheeks, differing but little in complexion from that of a sallow woman 
of Caueasian blood. This light complexionis so exceptionally striking 
that wherever they travel these people are readily distinguished from 
other Eskimo; and before I visited their territory 1 had learned to know 
them by their complexion whenever they came to St Michael. 
The people of the district just mentioned are all very short and 
squarely built. Inland from Cape Vancouver lies the flat, marshy coun- 
try about Big lake, which is situated between the Kuskokwim and the 
Yukon.. It is a well-populated district, and its inhabitants differ from 
those near the coast at the capes referred to in being taller, more 
slender, and having more squarély cut features. They also differ strik- 
ingly from any other Eskimo with whom I came in contact, except those 
on Kowak river, in having the bridge of the nose well developed and 
at times sufficiently prominent to suggest the aquiline nose of our 
southeru Indian tribes. 
The Eskimo of the Diomede islands in Bering strait, as well as those 
of East cape and Mechigme and Plover bays on the Siberian coast, and 
of St Lawrence island, are tall, strongly built people, and are generally 
similar in their physical features (plates x1, x11). Thesearecharacterized 
by the unusual heaviness of the lower part of the face, due to the very 
square and massive lower jaw, which, combined with broad, high cheek 
bones and flattened nose, produces a wide, flat face. These features are 
frequently accompanied with a low, retreating forehead, producing a 
decidedly repulsive physiognomy. The bridge of the nose is so low 
and the cheek bones so heavy that a profile view will frequently show 
