NELSON] WATERPROOF GARMENTS—EAR-FLAPS 37 
hood about the face is provided with a similar string, the ends of 
which hang down under the chin so that this portion of the garment 
may be drawn tightly for the same purpose. These garments are worn 
over the others during wet weather on shore as well as at sea. Their 
most important use, however, is while the hunters are at sea in kaiaks. 
At such times, when the weather becomes rainy or rough, the hunter 
dons his waterproof frock and the skirt is extended over the rim of 
the manhole in which he sits. A cord provided for the purpose is 
wound around the outside, fastening the border of the skirt down into a 
sunken groove left for the purpose below the rim on the outside of the 
kaiak. When this cord is made fast and the drawstrings about the face 
and sleeves are tightened, the occupant of the kaiak is safe from being 
drenched by the dashing spray, and no water can enter his boat. 
These garments are 
strong and will fre- 
quently withstand the 
pressure of the water 
even when the wearer is 
entirely submerged be- 
neath the combing sea. 
Among the breakers, 
however, they are not to 
be relied on, as the writ- 
er knows from experi- 
ence, the weight of the 
water striking heavily 
from above, tearing 
them and permitting 
the water to enter the 
boat. i 
The seams of these “ 
waterproofs are fre- J 
quently ornamented. by Wie! 6 Lar ape (4). 
sewing in seals’ bristles 
or the fine hair-like feathers of certain waterfowl. About the islands 
in Bering strait and on the bordering Asiatie shore the horny sheaths 
from the base of the mandibles of the crested auklet are sewed along 
the seams of some of these frocks as ornaments. Narrow strips of black, 
parchment-like tanned skin are frequently welted into the seams for 
ornamental purposes, and the lower borders are sometimes narrowly 
fringed with a strip of woolly fur from small hair-seals. Garments of 
this kind made for the use of women are cut up on each side to produce 
flaps similar to those of the ordinary frock. 
HAR-FLAPS 
About Chalitmut and the adjacent district on the tundra between 
the Kuskokwim and the Yukon, where men’s frocks are made without 
