54 THE ESKIMO ABOUT BERING STRAIT [ETH ANN. 18 
the cemented outer face several fragments of bottle glass. On the 
back is the usual long, stout hook, and a small pierced knob or boss 
is provided near the lower point for the attachment of strings of beads. 
The earring from Nunivak island shown in plate xxv, 13, is an inch 
and five-eighths long by an inch wide, with the lower end of bow shape. 
The excavated front surface is not subdivided by an ivory ridge, but 
has an insertion of some white substance crossed by regular black lines 
forming a diamond-shape pattern over which is neatly fitted a piece of 
window glass, 
Another specimen (plate xxv, 11), from Big lake, is of quadrilateral 
outline and has an ivory septum across the center forming two sub- 
divisions filled with cement, in which are set four rounded fragments 
of brass, one at each corner, with a round bead of iron in the center. 
A smaller specimen than this, from the same locality, has four white 
beads set in the cement at each corner of the subdivisions, with frag- 
ments of glass in the center. Another earring, from Konigunugumut, 
has small fragments of mica imbedded in the cement. 
The greatest variety of carving, however, is shown in the earrings 
worn by women. These are sometimes plane-face, quadrate, or oval 
pieces of ivory with a stout hook in the back; but, as a rule, the fronts 
are variously carved and ornamented. 
A common style of ornamentation consists of a series of concentric 
rings with a round pit or dot in the center. Their faces are frequently 
crossed by fine, etched, ray-like lines. Another form is that of the 
circles and ray-like lines shown in plate xxtv, 18, from Askinuk. 
All these rings have a stout hook for attaching them to the ear, and 
a pierced boss near the lower border, on the posterior side, for the attach- 
ment of a string of beads. 
From Cape Vancouver was obtained the specimen shown in plate. 
xxiv, 5, which exhibits another form, consisting of a circle five-eighths 
of an inch in diameter, with a round hole in the center and a knob on 
each corner, and a long, narrow bar at its lower edge, all carved from 
a single piece of ivory. The front is surrounded by a series of seven 
neatly etched concentric circles. 
From the same locality is a similar earring (plate XxIv, 1), having 
the circles spaced in pairs, between the outer and the next to the outer 
set of which are a series of round, sunken dots. 
The example illustrated in plate xxrv, 2, from Nunivak island, is an 
inch and an eighth long by three-fourths of an inch wide. The upper 
portion is circular, with concentric rings, and the central hole is filled 
with a little ivory plug; the borders have on each corner a little spur, 
also of ivory, and below, extending downward, two oblong ivory pro- 
jections with rounded ends which are pierced by a small, round hole. 
The front surfaces of these are convex and are covered with a series of 
five concentric circles; etched lines extend from the outer circle down 
on the front of the lower projections, and a little cirele surrounds each 
of the holes near the lower eud. 
