72 THE ESKIMO ABOUT BERING STRAIT (ETH. ANN. 18 
Plate xxx1lI, 7, from St Lawrence island, is another type of tray made 
from a broad, flat piece of spruce, which has a square groove cut across 
inside of each end; a strip of wood is bent upward to meet the end 
pieces, which are fitted into the grooves and held in place by means of 
thin strips of whalebone sewed through holes in both edges. This is 
a rude piece of work, showing none of the finish characteristic of speci- 
mens from the American coast. It is the only tray of this kind that 
was seen. 
Another style of utensil made in a similar manner to the trays, but 
with the overlapping ends sewed in two parallel seams by means of 
spruce roots, are the large tubs used for containing water, seal oil, 
berries, and other food supplies. 
Specimen number 45495 is a tub of this kind from Ikogmut. Its sides 
are 114 inches high above the upper edge of the bottom, which is exea- 
vated and of tray shape, with chamfered edges to fit into a groove around 
the inner edge of the side. The outline of the utensil is an elongated 
oval and measures twenty-two inches in length. Some tubs are larger 
than this; others are smaller and serve for many uses in the domestic 
economy of these people. One of the smaller sizes, from St Lawrence 
island (plate xxx1I, 1), 9 inches long, 24 inches deep, is the ordinary 
style of urine tub used by the Eskimo throughout the coast and islands 
visited. This with others of the same form obtained on St Lawrence 
island, have the overlapping ends united by sewing thin strips of 
whalebone through slit-like holes made for the purpose. The buckets 
used for carrying water are similar in form, the only difference being 
that they are provided with a handle or bail. 
A specimen from St Lawrence island (number 63237) has a bail made 
of a narrow, curved piece of bone cut from the jaw or rib of a whale and 
fastened at each end by whalebone strips passed through holes pierced 
in the edges of the bucket and in the ends of the handle. A small 
bucket from Cape Vancouver (plate xxx1I, 6) has the overlapping ends 
of the sides fastened by means of two seams sewed with spruce roots. 
The bail is a thin, narrow strip of reindeer antler, with a hole pierced 
in each end; it is bent and sprung over the inwardly projecting ends 
of two short bone pegs which are inserted through the rim on each side. 
Plate xxxu, 4, from Kushunuk, is very similar to the preceding, 
except that the curved handle has the holes in its ends fitted over a 
round, slender rod of wood which extends across the top of the bucket, 
piercing the rim on each side. 
Figure 5 of the same plate, from Kaialigamut, has the handle made 
from spruce roots, several turns of which are passed through holes 
inade for the purpose in the sides of the rim and then united by having 
the end wound around the strands crossing the top of the bucket and 
fastened at one side. From one side of the handle hangs a feather 
attached by a sinew cord. 
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