NELSON] THREAD AND CORD IMPLEMENTS ala 
shredder of walrus ivory, with four large, coarse teeth and a narrow 
handle. 
‘Figure 1, plate xLviira, from Sledge island, is a three-toothed sinew 
shredder with a flattened kuob-like blade at the end of the handle. 
Figure 3, plate xLyita, from Cape Nome, is a small, flat piece of 
deerhorn with three flat teeth on one end, and figure 2, plate XLVIII a, 
from Sledge island, is a similar implement made of ivory, 
Figure 4, plate xLvura, from Cape Darby, is a toothed ivory imple- 
ment of this kind, one tooth being attached to the side of the main 
piece by means of a strong wrapping of willow root. 
Figures 7 and 9, plate xLv1ita, from the lower Yukon; figure 8, from 
Mission, and figure 10, from Sabotnisky, are specimens of combs which 
have been used in making grass thread. 
The accompanying figure 50, from Sledge island, represents some of 
the implements used for twisting sinew cords. <A full set consists of 
two flattened ivory rods with a small knob or head at each end, and 
four bodkin-like ivory rods each with the figure of a deer-head at the 
upper end. These implements are all pierced with holes and strung 
Fic. 30—Sinew twisters (4). 
on a rawhide cord in order that they may conveniently be carried and 
not readily mislaid. 
Figure 8, plate xLv111b, from Cape Vancouver, and figure 5 of the 
same plate, from Nunivak island, represent reels on which thread is 
wound. They are sometimes used also as shuttles in making small 
meshed nets. 
Figures 4 and 6, plate xLv111), from Nunivak island, are specimens 
of thread reels carved to represent mythical beings, half woman and 
half seal, with the hands held against the sides of the faces. 
Figures 3 and 7, plate xLy111b, from the same island, are ivory reels 
carved to represent seals. 
Figure 51 represents a sinew cord spinner from St Lawrence island. 
This object is made of ivory and consists of three parts; these are a 
quadrate base for holding in the hand, and pierced in the middle of 
the outer surface for the insertion of one end of a slender rod having a 
knob at its other end. A flattened rod is pierced near one end and 
slipped upon the first-named rod, upon which it revolves. The sinew 
to be spun is attached to the flattened rod at the shoulder, just below 
the hole, and by a rapid circular motion of the hand the flattened rod 
is caused to revolve rapidly, giving the desired twisting to the cord. 
