NELSON] SNUFF-TUBES—FUNGUS-ASH BOXES 275 
A large ivory snuff-box from Nubviukhchugaluk (figure 25, plate 
LXXXVI) is neatly made from a hollowed-out cross section of a walrus 
tusk. The top and the.bottom are of wood and the surface is grooved 
horizontally and vertically. 
SNUFF-TUBES 
For taking snuff from the boxes, tubes made from the hollow wing- 
bones of geese and other water fowl are used; they are truncated at 
both ends, and vary in length from 54 to 54 inches. Frequently they 
are attached to the cover of the snuft-box by a rawhide cord, but sonie- 
times they are carried separately. They are in general use from the 
Kuskokwim northward to Kotzebue sound, and the method of using 
them is the same as previously described. 
The surface of these implements is sometimes plain, as in the speci- 
men shown in plate xc, 1, from Cape Nome,,which has merely a rude 
groove around the middie for the attachment of a cord. 
Another tube (figure 2, plate xc) from Kushunuk, is also plain, and 
has wound around it, near one end, several turns of a smooth rootlet, 
the ends being tucked under to hold it in place. The specimen from 
Anogogmut (figure 4, plate xc) is likewise plain, but its ends are slightly 
reduced in size, and near the shoulder, around the tube, are three 
parallel incised lines. 
A tube from the lower Yukon (figure 3, plate xc) has the ends 
slightly reduced and the sides beveled to form eight faces. Another, 
from Razbinsky (plate xc, 13), is encircled with smooth, parallel grooves 
extending in a regular series from end to end, producing a scalloped 
surface, the intervening ridges being neatly rounded. The specimen 
from Cape Vancouver (plate xc, 14) is similar to this, but has an incised 
groove around the top of each ridge. 
Another tube (figure 5, plate xc) from Askinuk, has two broad 
grooves near each end, with three incised lines around the bordering 
ridges. Another specimen from the same place (figure 15, plate xc) is 
handsomely etched with lines, circles, dots, and cross patterns, and has 
numerous tridentate marks representing the raven totem. 
The specimens illustrated in figures 6 and 12, plate xc, are from Chal- 
itmut. 
Tubes variously ornamented with etched lines are shown in figure 
11, from the lower Yukon; figure 9, from Konigunugumut; figure 10, 
from Askinuk; figure 7, from the lower Yukon, and figure 8, from Cape 
Vancouver. 
BOXES FOR,FUNGUS ASHES 
For storing the wood fungus ashes. which are used with chewing 
tobacco, small boxes are made; these are usually rather tubular in 
shape and are made from a considerable variety of materials. Among 
the large series obtained are specimens made from sections of reindeer 
