NELSON] TOTEM MARKS 325 
bone or ivory bearing the raven mark, and the same mark was seen 
tattooed on the forehead of a boy at Plover bay (figure 115). 
These marks are frequently seen on carvings, weapons, and imple- 
ments of almost every description. On clothing or 
wooden utensils it may be marked with paint. On the Se 
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gut-skin smoke-hole cover of the kashim at Kigiktanik — / UE | 
two raven signs were drawn close together, with a red WF 
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spot in front of them, as shown in figure 116. 
On inquiry I was told that the man who presented ay 
the kashim with this cover had marked upon it his to- ee 
tem sign, and that the red spot in front was intended ae a, Os 
to represent the bloody mark in the snow where the ita © 
raven had eaten meat. My informant added that ™®. He apeie oie 
sometimes a ring was drawn before the raven tracks pay boy. 
on the cover to represent a seal hole in the ice. 
If a man who presented a cover to the kashim belonged to another 
gens, or if his ancestors excelled in hunting a special kind of large game, 
the figure of that animal was drawn 
on the cover. One man, whose ances- 
tors were noted for being successful 
hunters of sea animals, drew three 
<-shape marks on the cover which he 
presented to the kashim, as follows: 
<< <. These marks were said to 
represent the rippling wake of an ani- 
Fic. 116—Rayen totems on smoke-hole cover. mal swimming in the water. 
It is customary for hunters to carry 
about with them an object representing their totem. A man belong- 
ing to the raven gens carries in his quiver a pair of raven feet and 
_a quill feather from the same bird. 
The gerfalcon man carries in his 
quiver a quill feather of that totem 
bird. 
There are other marks which are 
somewhat different in significance 
from the totem mark, but which may 
be adopted for various reasons. At 
St Michael a man told me of three 
hunters who went out one winter 
during a famine, and after hunting 
for a long time could find no ENG Fig. 117—Wolf totem signs on a storehouse 
Finally one of them went back to door. 
their sledge and took from it the 
ham of a dog which he had brought with him. After eating some of 
this he started off again, carrying the bone with him. He had gone 
only a short distance when he encountered a seal and killed it. This, 
