404 THE ESKIMO ABOUT BERING STRAIT (ETH. ANN. 18 
Figure 4, plate xcrx, from Sabotnisky, is $4 inches long by 64 inches 
wide. Itis a flattened, rounded mask, slightly excavated behind, with 
a fantastic human fgce on the front. The nose is very short, leaving 
the upper lips and cheek in one broad plane; the mouth is wide and 
crescentic, with upturned corners. Surrounding the forehead from the 
ears on either side is a band of deerskin with the hair upstanding. 
Upon either cheek and trom the middle of the forehead extend short 
pieces of whalebone, having attached to their outer ends slender, 
wooden, pencil-like appendages about five inches long, which move 
with the motions of the dancer. Strung along the forehead above the 
brows are small strips of parchment which are held in place by pegs 
inserted in the wood and hang down over the eyes. The entire face 
is painted green and spotted coarsely with dull brown pigment; the 
sticks on the ends of the whalebone are red, Like preceding masks 
this represents the face of a tunghak. 
Figure 1, plate xcrx, is a thin, flattened mask, measuring 8 by 54 
inches, somewhat quadrate but rounded at the corners. The mouth is 
crescentic, with the corners turned down, and two round eyeholes 
pierce the front. Just above the mouth is set a carved attachment 
representing the top of the head and upper mandible of a bird. A 
wooden peg inserted below the mouth indicates the lower mandible. 
Upon each side of the face is attached a long, narrow, flat strip, evi- 
dently intended to indicate the doors, which open and close on similar 
masks made in this district. Two crescentic incisions curving over the 
eyes represent eyebrows and are colored red. Surrounding the borders 
of the mask on each side and above are inserted feathers of the horned 
owl. The main color of the face, as weli as the inside of the flaps upon 
each side is white. The bird’s eyes and beak are black, as are also a 
line across the eyebrows and cheeks, as well as the figures of the seal, 
walrus, killer whale, reindeer, wolf, and beaver, which are drawn upon 
the surface of the flaps on each side. This face represents the inua of 
some species of waterfowl, the name of which I did not learn; but from 
the drawings of the various game animals upon the flaps attached to 
the sides, I judge that it was used in festivals connected with obtaining 
success in the hunt, which I learned to be the case with similar masks 
in that region. : 
Figure 4, plate o, is a rudely carved figure of the sea parrot (Mormon 
arctica), 74 inches long by 44 wide. This represents the upper half of 
the bird’s body as it would appear when swimming on the water. The 
head and neck are made of a separate piece joined to the body by a 
round pin. In the upturned beak is the wooden figure of a walrus, the 
neck of which is made of cloth so as to form a loose joint and permit the 
head to flap about as the wearer of the mask dances. The mask is 
surrounded by two successive hoops of splints held in place by being 
lashed to pegs fastened in holes about the edges. Just in front of these 
pegs.is attached a narrow strip of reindeer skin from which long hairs 
