408 THE ESKIMO ABOUT BERING STRAIT [ErH. ANN, 18 
extending from the neck of the salmon around on each side to the end 
of the tail, as well as the band along the sides of the small fish repre- 
sented on either side of the salmon, are of the same color. The pupil 
of the salmon’s eye, the outline of the teeth in the large mouth below 
the neck and outline of the eye just behind this, the spectacle-shape 
area covering the eyes of the face, the interior of the nostrils, and the 
line indicating the mustache, as well as a line surrounding the raised 
border of the face, are black. The remainder of the outer side of the 
mask, including the seal model and kaiak, are white; the seams on the 
kaiak, however,-are indicated by black lines. About the border of this 
mask are set white quill-feathers of some gull. The interior is exca- 
vated. The face on the back represents the inwa of the fish. 
Figure 2, plate ct, from lower Kuskokwim river, represents the hair 
seal (Phoca barbata), This mask is carved as a flattened image of the 
common hair seal. It is about 11 inches long by 6 inches in width, and 
has four large, flipper-shape, wooden attachments to represent the four 
limbs. These are carved on their borders to represent the toes of the 
animal, and the eyes, nose, and mouth are well represented on the 
rounded head. On the seal’s back the greater portion of the surface is 
occupied by a circular face like that of a man, having below the eyes 
two pear-shape nostrils and a crescentic mouth, with upturned corners, 
which has a double row of square-cut teeth. The upper surface of 
this mask is painted white, and the membrane between the toes and 
the hind-flippers are black. Across the eyes of the human face is 
marked in black the outline of a pair of snow-goggles. The interior 
of this mask has a shallow excavation, and the border is surrounded by 
a groove in which is fastened a strip of skin from the neck of a rein- 
deer, with the long hairs standing out all around likea halo. The face 
on the back of this mask is supposed to represent the features of the 
seal’s inua. 
Figure 3, plate ci, from the lower Kuskokwim, measures 74 by 5 
inches. It is an oval, flattened mask of thin material, having carved 
in slight relief a grotesque human countenance with a Chinese like 
physiognomy. The almond-shape eyes are set obliquely and the 
broad, flattened nose with oval nostrils and huge crescentic mouth with 
upturned corners are curiously like an exaggerated Chinese face. The 
eyes are indicated by a sunken area on the surface of the wood, in which 
are pierced the large, round pupils. Teeth are indicated by square- 
cut, peg-like projections. A band of deerskin with long, projecting 
hair is set in'a groove around the border. A broad, black line is drawn 
across the eyes, and the upper lip and chin are painted red, the teeth 
and rest of face being white, including the interior of the eyes. The 
signification of this mask is unknown. 
Figure 2, plate c1r, shows a mask, from Sabotnisky, measuring 84 by 
64 inches. Itis a rudely oval representation of a death’s-head and is 
made by using fire to char the wood into the proper shape. The eyes — 
