NELSON] MASKS 409 
are large, irregularly rounded, and pierced through. On each side of 
the chin are represented two huge labrets, and a roughly fashioned 
nose and high cheekbones are also indicated. In the rear the mask is 
slightly excavated, with a ledge to enable the wearer to grasp it with 
his teeth. 
Figure 4, plate crt, from the lower Kuskokwim, measures 63 by 7inches. 
It is a quadrangular mask, with rounded corners, and is made of a thin, 
rather flattened piece of wood. It has a broad mouth extending clear 
across, with the lower jaw carved in a separate piece and hinged near 
the ends with sinew, so that it can be moved up and down, At the cor- 
ners of the lower jaw are represented, by squared wooden appendages 
with small, wooden strips, labret pendants of peculiar style, attached to 
the chin with whalebone. The mouth above and below is bordered with 
wooden pegs to represent teeth. Two suboval nostrils, near the middle 
of the face, and eyes of the same size and shape are pierced through 
the mask. The pupils are represented by small wooden pegs, carved 
narrow at the ends and rounded in the middle, set in so that their 
broad, rounded portion is in the middle of the eye opening. Just above 
the eye, on each side, and set in by a squared wooden peg, is a some- 
what pointed, flattened, or paddle-shape piece of wood representing an 
ear. Fastened to each side of the face by splints, just above the cor- 
ners of the mouth, are the ends of two hoops which extend out and 
around the upper side of the countenance and are held in position 
by the wrappings of splint; to the outer of these hoops are attached 
three long feathers with downy plumes at their tips. Fastened imme- 
diately about the face of the mask, and held in position by the split 
ends of pegs set around the border, is a strip of deerskin with long, 
upstanding hairs, forming a halo-like fringe. This mask represents 
the inua of a Canada lynx. The ear tips are painted black behind, and 
are white near their bases to represent the markings on the ears of 
the lynx. The entire face is white, with rounded, bluish spots and a 
series of brownish blotches along the borders of the mouth, above and 
below, and a black line is drawn from eye to eye. 
Figure 1, plate ci, shows a mask, from south of the Yukon mouth, 
measuring 6 inches high by 44 wide. It is thin and rather flat, being 
only slightly excavated behind, square on top and along the sides, 
becoming rounded on the lower portion. It represents semihuman 
features with bird-like mandibles projecting from above and below the 
mouth, which is broad with the corners upturned, and extends on each 
side to the extreme borders of the mask. The center of the mouth is 
pierced through; a round block projects outward between the mandi- 
bles and has attached to its outer end by a rag the rudely carved 
effigy of a walrus head with projecting tusks. The eyes and nostrils 
are pierced through the mask. Above the eyes, upon each side, are 
the head and shoulders of a wolf in relief. The remainder of the 
wolf’s body and all its limbs are carved free on a block extending 
