438 THE CENTRAL ESKIMO. 



the mosquitoes which, swarm in the valleys. The natives do not go 

 beyond Padli, but most of them have been there. They often travel 

 through the valleys of Nerseqdjuaq and Tunussung to Pangnirtung, 

 of Davis Strait, down tlic casti'vn shore of which they go a consid- 

 erable distance. S()^l(■lillM•^ they make boat excursions during the 

 summer from Kitingu.jaii.u;'. \-isiting the brooks which empty into 

 Kingnait Fjord, or they settle in Tornait, whence Tupirbikdjuin in 

 Pangnirtung is accessible by the wide valleys surrounding Angiu- 

 qaq. 



I may omit the description of the Separate summer habitations 

 farther south, for the head of every fjord and every valley that is a 

 means of reaching the interior are used for erecting the tents. The 

 interior of the region, which is covered with ice, remains un visited, 

 no game being found there. Therefore it may be said in general that 

 the Eskimo are limited to the peninsulas formed by the uTimerous 

 fjords. 



The Saumingmiut visit the southern fjords of Cumberland Penin- 

 sula, whei'e I have marked the settlements on the chart. Here they 

 pursue deer and polar beai's, which frequently come down to Cape 

 Mercy during the summer. 



An impoi'tant summer settlement of the Saumingmiut is Touaq- 

 djuaq, from which place they Adsit the peninsula limited by Exeter 

 Soiind and Touaqdjuaq. An important summer station of lioth 

 Saumingmiut and Padlimiut is Qarmaqdjuin, while Ejaloaping 

 (Durban Harbor of the whalers), near the entrance of Padli, is visited 

 only by the latter tribe. 



The number of deer on Cumberland Peninsula is so variable that 

 the result of the hunt is often unsatisfactory. Although in some 

 seasons numerous herds are met, in others scarcely enough animals 

 are killed to afford a sufficient stock of skins for the winter clothing. 

 Early in the spring the deer pass quite regularly through Itidlirn 

 (the lower part of Padli Valley, between Ikaroling and Padli), in 

 their migrations from Narpaing to Qarmaqdjuin. I was told that 

 in both the latter districts many deer can be found at all times. 



Lastly, I have to describe the winter settlements of the Sauming- 

 miut. They are in the habit of separating in the fall, part of them 

 staying during winter on Qeqertaujang. in Ugjuktuug. and the re- 

 mainder at Ukiadliving, on Davis Strait. 



Strange as it may seem, walrus are not found in the upper part of 

 thi' .sdiiiid. while farther south they are abundant. Akuliajating, 

 ea>t 1)1' (^).M|cit('ii. is the most northern point that they visit. It is 

 said thai in Inrmer times they were met with everywhere in the 

 sound, and indeed some of the local names give evidence of the truth 

 of these traditions; for instance, the name of Uglirn (which is always 

 applied to walrus islands), in the fjord Qaggiloi'tung, and that of 

 Anarnitung (a place having a bad smell from walrus excrement), at 

 the head of the sound. 



